{
  "schemaVersion": "1.0",
  "title": "Sino-Western maps",
  "checked": "2026-11-06",
  "scope": "Jesuit maps, their collaborators, identified copies, editions and adaptations. Atlas containers, component sheets, digital mirrors and later reproductions are separately typed. This is an expandable source inventory, not a claim of worldwide completeness.",
  "model": {
    "title": "CROSS, Mapping Encounters Census, v4",
    "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/",
    "countingUnit": "One identified map in a specified manuscript, edition or state. Multiple sheets of one map form one unit. Atlas containers do not add units to their constituent maps.",
    "gradeScope": "CROSS grades apply to the cited translation claim, not image access or every metadata field."
  },
  "summary": {
    "records": 250,
    "mapRecords": 181,
    "manifests": 30,
    "cachedManifests": 28,
    "iiifRecords": 59,
    "inlineImageRecords": 135,
    "byType": {
      "physical-copy": 72,
      "digital-reproduction": 1,
      "facsimile": 3,
      "photographic-reproduction": 5,
      "lost-attested-copy": 1,
      "modern-reconstruction": 1,
      "lost-attested-edition": 2,
      "printing-blocks": 1,
      "photographic-facsimile": 1,
      "book-copy": 8,
      "institutionally-attested-copy": 5,
      "lost-work-attestation": 1,
      "manuscript-atlas-copy": 2,
      "book-map-component": 107,
      "atlas-copy": 9,
      "detached-map-group": 1,
      "modern-facsimile-copy": 2,
      "map-sheet": 23,
      "printed-map-group": 1,
      "manuscript-derivative-copy": 1,
      "map-copy-or-later-impression": 1,
      "compound-map-copy": 2
    },
    "cachedImageResources": 152,
    "verifiedImageServices": 97,
    "recordsWithCachedImages": 117,
    "imageResourcesChecked": 187
  },
  "families": [
    {
      "id": "ricci",
      "label": "Ricci & Li",
      "title": "Ricci and Li: world maps",
      "description": "The six-panel Kunyu wanguo quantu and the eight-panel Liangyi xuanlan tu have separate records. Prints, painted copies, Japanese and Korean adaptations, and later reproductions retain their own dates and holdings."
    },
    {
      "id": "aleni",
      "label": "Aleni & Yang",
      "title": "Aleni and Yang: book and sheet maps",
      "description": "Maps within Zhifang waiji are distinguished from separately catalogued sheets. A book’s publication date does not establish the date of every later impression or manuscript copy."
    },
    {
      "id": "verbiest",
      "label": "Verbiest",
      "title": "Verbiest: editions and impressions",
      "description": "The Kunyu quantu records include the 1674 design, later Chinese impressions and Korean reprints. Catalogue disagreements about the date of particular impressions remain visible."
    },
    {
      "id": "sambiasi",
      "label": "Sambiasi",
      "title": "Sambiasi: Chinese world maps",
      "description": "The surviving copies of Kunyu quantu have qualified dates. Their institutional descriptions are retained rather than assigning the whole family a single publication date."
    },
    {
      "id": "ruggieri",
      "label": "Ruggieri",
      "title": "Ruggieri: the manuscript atlas",
      "description": "The Rome archive identifies individual map drawings and their manuscript surfaces. Its atlas record supplies the context; each map has a separate locator."
    },
    {
      "id": "martini",
      "label": "Martini & Blaeu",
      "title": "Martini and Blaeu: maps of China",
      "description": "Novus atlas Sinensis is represented through identified institutional copies and map components. The 1656 German edition is distinct from the first publication of 1655."
    },
    {
      "id": "boym",
      "label": "Boym",
      "title": "Boym: manuscript maps",
      "description": "The Vatican atlas is indexed through its unfolded map states. Folded and unfolded photographs of a leaf are digital views of the same object."
    },
    {
      "id": "schall",
      "label": "Schall",
      "title": "Schall: celestial maps",
      "description": "The celestial planispheres broaden this survey beyond terrestrial maps. Incomplete surviving sections and later reproductions are described as such."
    },
    {
      "id": "qing",
      "label": "Qing surveys",
      "title": "Qing surveys and their European editions",
      "description": "Imperial survey maps, provincial derivatives and d’Anville’s publications remain distinct. A shared survey project supplies context without proving direct copying between two surviving objects."
    },
    {
      "id": "kircher",
      "label": "Kircher",
      "title": "Kircher and China Illustrata",
      "description": "These European publications are included as related Jesuit cartography. Attribution and the contribution of geographical sources are recorded separately."
    }
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        {
          "name": "Matteo Ricci",
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      ],
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        "work": "1602",
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      "countable": true,
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      "rights": "Manifest rights: https://rmda.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/license_icon/free-license ; reuse instructions: https://rmda.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/reuse",
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      "uncertainties": [
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      "cachedManifests": [
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      "searchText": "ricci-kunyu-1602-kyoto Kunyu wanguo quantu 坤輿萬國全圖 Kyoto University Main Library 5-80/コ/1貴別 Matteo Ricci Li Zhizao 1602 1602 1602 Holding record RB00013547 identifies a Wanli print in six hanging scrolls; the sixth bears a 1602 printer inscription. The digital manifest represents the map in two composite canvases. ",
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      "title": "Kunyu wanguo quantu",
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          "originalName": "利瑪竇",
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        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
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      "imageAccess": "image",
      "searchText": "ricci-kunyu-1602-minnesota Kunyu wanguo quantu 坤輿萬國全圖 University of Minnesota, James Ford Bell Library  Matteo Ricci Li Zhizao 1602 1602 1602 Institution describes its six-panel 1602 woodblock print and names Li Zhizao as collaborator and possible engraver, and Zhang Wentao as printer. It links the digital object p16022coll251:8823 and states that the Bell Trust gave the map to the university. EA-001"
    },
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      "creators": [
        {
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      "viewerUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/item/2010585650/",
      "rights": "LOC record: digitized Geography and Map collections are free to use and reuse unless a Rights Advisory indicates otherwise. Credit Library of Congress, Geography and Map Division.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "LOC record states that its reproduction was made from a copy owned by the James Ford Bell Foundation. The 2010 LOC press release explains that the Bell Trust loan would be scanned before travelling to Minnesota. This is a digital surrogate, not evidence for an additional LOC-owned 1602 original.",
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      "uncertainties": [
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    },
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      "rights": "Reuse terms not established in the retrieved record; consult institution.",
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      "accessNote": "holding-verified-public-digital-endpoint-unresolved",
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        "The plausible-looking DigiVatLib MSS_Barb.or.150 viewer and manifest returned HTTP 404 in direct checks. This is a failed endpoint check, not proof that no online scan exists.",
        "Exact printing date and a second Vatican copy require fuller holding metadata."
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      "searchText": "ricci-kunyu-vatican-barb-or-150 Kunyu wanguo quantu 坤輿萬國全圖 Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana Barb.or.150 Matteo Ricci Li Zhizao 1602   Vatican exhibition-loan page identifies Barb.or.150 as Ricci’s six-panel world map. Its 2018 newsletter identifies the same shelfmark among digitized manuscripts preserved in Svalbard. "
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      "rights": "Reuse terms not established in the retrieved record; consult institution.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
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      "viewerUrl": "https://onb.digital/result/111054F4",
      "rights": "Reuse terms not established in the retrieved record; consult institution.",
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        "The catalogue date field says 1602 while title and description explicitly qualify the printing as after 1644. The qualified date is used here."
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      "dates": {
        "work": "1602",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": "18th century"
      },
      "type": "physical-copy",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "physical-copy",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "Kobe City Museum",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.kobecitymuseum.jp/gallery/collection/detail?id=219",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.kobecitymuseum.jp/gallery/collection/detail?id=219",
      "rights": "Reuse terms not established in the retrieved record; consult institution.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Museum’s 2026 collection exhibition list identifies this title, date and Nanba Matsutaro collection as a separately displayed manuscript.",
      "accessNote": "metadata-only",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Exhibition-level evidence only; accession number and individual digital object not established."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "manuscriptCopyAfter",
          "target": "ricci-kunyu-1602"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.kobecitymuseum.jp/gallery/collection/detail?id=219",
          "title": "Institutional record · www.kobecitymuseum.jp",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "ricci",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "ricci-kunyu-kobe-with-preface Kunyu wanguo quantu 坤輿万国全図并序 Kobe City Museum  Unknown 1602  18th century Museum’s 2026 collection exhibition list identifies this title, date and Nanba Matsutaro collection as a separately displayed manuscript. "
    },
    {
      "id": "ricci-kunyu-1608-nanjing",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Kunyu wanguo quantu",
      "originalTitle": "坤輿萬國全圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Matteo Ricci",
          "originalName": "利瑪竇",
          "role": "cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Ming court copyists",
          "role": "colored manuscript copyists"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1602",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": "1608 (museum annual attribution)"
      },
      "type": "physical-copy",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "physical-copy",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "Nanjing Museum",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.njmuseum.org.cn/files/nb/news/files/2019/10/24/eec955b49c88e61b9dc05151edbaf0eb.pdf",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.njmuseum.org.cn/files/nb/news/files/2019/10/24/eec955b49c88e61b9dc05151edbaf0eb.pdf",
      "rights": "Reuse terms not established in the retrieved record; consult institution.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "The museum’s 2015 annual describes its holding as a colored court manuscript of Wanli 36 (1608) after the woodblock map. This is not another surviving 1602 print.",
      "accessNote": "metadata-only",
      "uncertainties": [
        "No individual collection record, shelfmark or IIIF manifest established. Full annual PDF not archived because it is large."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "manuscriptCopyAfter",
          "target": "ricci-kunyu-1602"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.njmuseum.org.cn/files/nb/news/files/2019/10/24/eec955b49c88e61b9dc05151edbaf0eb.pdf",
          "title": "Institutional record · www.njmuseum.org.cn",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "ricci",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "ricci-kunyu-1608-nanjing Kunyu wanguo quantu 坤輿萬國全圖 Nanjing Museum  Matteo Ricci Ming court copyists 1602  1608 (museum annual attribution) The museum’s 2015 annual describes its holding as a colored court manuscript of Wanli 36 (1608) after the woodblock map. This is not another surviving 1602 print. "
    },
    {
      "id": "ricci-liangyi-1603-liaoning",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Liangyi xuanlan tu",
      "originalTitle": "兩儀玄覽圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Matteo Ricci",
          "originalName": "利瑪竇",
          "role": "cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Li Yingshi",
          "originalName": "李應試",
          "role": "editor / publisher"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1603",
        "edition": "1603",
        "copy": "1603 print, later Manchu annotations"
      },
      "type": "physical-copy",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "physical-copy",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "Liaoning Provincial Museum",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.sypm.org.cn/xinwen_1/459.html",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.sypm.org.cn/xinwen_1/459.html",
      "rights": "Reuse terms not established in the retrieved record; consult institution.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Shenyang Palace Museum’s institutional history records transfer of Liangyi xuanlan tu to the predecessor of Liaoning Museum in 1949. Academia Sinica’s photographic-copy record identifies the source as the Liaoning-held 1603 Li Yingshi print, eight strips, 200 × 442 cm.",
      "accessNote": "metadata-only",
      "uncertainties": [
        "No direct high-resolution institutional image service established. Later Manchu annotations must be distinguished from the 1603 printed layer."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "revisedWorkAfter",
          "target": "ricci-kunyu-1602"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.sypm.org.cn/xinwen_1/459.html",
          "title": "Institutional record · www.sypm.org.cn",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://ccts.sinica.edu.tw/catalog/detail.php?num=0008",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · ccts.sinica.edu.tw",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://whly.ln.gov.cn/whly/zwgk/tzgg/2025021816133758254/2025021816131242414.pdf",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · whly.ln.gov.cn",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://doi.org/10.1086/701475",
          "title": "Florin-Stefan Morar, “Relocating the Qing in the Global History of Science: The Manchu Translation of the 1603 World Map by Li Yingshi and Matteo Ricci,” Isis 109, no. 4 (2018): 673–694.",
          "locator": "Article; companion details the translated passages",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://cstudy1.connectedcartographies.net/",
          "title": "Florin-Stefan Morar, “Matteo Ricci’s World Map and the Manchus.”",
          "locator": "fig. 1; sections on annotations and dating",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-009",
          "title": "Morar, Mapping Encounters: Preliminary Census of Cross-Cultural Maps. CROSS v4, 11 October 2026.",
          "locator": "EA-009"
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [
        {
          "id": "connected-cartographies-xuantu",
          "label": "Complete map, original essay figure",
          "dzi": "media/sources/xuantu/image.dzi",
          "image": "media/sources/xuantu/preview.webp",
          "thumbnail": "media/sources/xuantu/preview.webp"
        }
      ],
      "thumbnail": "media/sources/xuantu/preview.webp",
      "cross": {
        "id": "EA-009",
        "version": "4",
        "releaseDate": "2026-10-11",
        "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-009",
        "situation": "Compilation",
        "operations": [
          "translation",
          "transliteration",
          "substitution"
        ],
        "grade": "documented",
        "claim": "The surviving print carries Manchu cosmological explanations and place names; neighboring countries use established Manchu names while others are transliterated.",
        "languages": "Chinese and Manchu",
        "familyNote": "Related records identify context unless an explicit directional reproduction, localization or transformation link is supplied. Each eligible record counts only its anchored map.",
        "familyLinks": [
          {
            "label": "Kunyu wanguo quantu, James Ford Bell Library print",
            "type": "contextual related group",
            "note": "No direct copying relationship between these specific surviving objects is asserted.",
            "related_id": "EA-001",
            "url": "https://www.loc.gov/item/2010585650/",
            "locator": "",
            "grade": "group membership only",
            "direction": "undetermined"
          },
          {
            "label": "Shanhai yudi quantu",
            "type": "contextual related group",
            "note": "No direct copying relationship between these specific surviving objects is asserted. Contextual record; excluded from the active map count.",
            "related_id": "",
            "url": "",
            "locator": "",
            "grade": "group membership only",
            "direction": "undetermined"
          },
          {
            "label": "Kunyu wanguo quantu byōbu, Kobe Nanba screen",
            "type": "contextual related group",
            "note": "No direct copying relationship between these specific surviving objects is asserted.",
            "related_id": "EA-028",
            "url": "https://online.bunka.go.jp/heritages/detail/449020",
            "locator": "",
            "grade": "group membership only",
            "direction": "undetermined"
          },
          {
            "label": "Gonyeo manguk jeondo, Seoul National University Museum painted copy",
            "type": "contextual related group",
            "note": "No direct copying relationship between these specific surviving objects is asserted.",
            "related_id": "EA-029",
            "url": "https://brill.com/edcollchap-oa/book/9789004684782/BP000020.pdf",
            "locator": "",
            "grade": "group membership only",
            "direction": "undetermined"
          }
        ],
        "reviewDate": "2026-10-05",
        "image": {
          "path": "EA-009.jpg",
          "source": "https://cstudy1.connectedcartographies.net/",
          "rights": "Reduced thumbnail shown for identification and scholarly commentary; rights remain with the holding institution. Follow the source link for the original and its reuse terms.",
          "originalImage": "https://cstudy1.connectedcartographies.net/assets/Fig.4.1.png",
          "caption": "Liangyi xuanlan tu, 1603; Liaoning Provincial Museum copy with later coloring and Manchu annotations."
        }
      },
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "ricci",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "image",
      "searchText": "ricci-liangyi-1603-liaoning Liangyi xuanlan tu 兩儀玄覽圖 Liaoning Provincial Museum  Matteo Ricci Li Yingshi 1603 1603 1603 print, later Manchu annotations Shenyang Palace Museum’s institutional history records transfer of Liangyi xuanlan tu to the predecessor of Liaoning Museum in 1949. Academia Sinica’s photographic-copy record identifies the source as the Liaoning-held 1603 Li Yingshi print, eight strips, 200 × 442 cm. EA-009"
    },
    {
      "id": "ricci-liangyi-1603-soongsil",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Liangyi xuanlan tu / Yanguihyeonramdo",
      "originalTitle": "兩儀玄覽圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Matteo Ricci",
          "originalName": "利瑪竇",
          "role": "cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Li Yingshi",
          "originalName": "李應試",
          "role": "editor / publisher"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1603",
        "edition": "1603",
        "copy": "1603"
      },
      "type": "physical-copy",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "physical-copy",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "Soongsil University, Korean Christian Museum",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://museum.ssu.ac.kr/en/exhibition/permanent-exhibition/modernization-and-national-movement-hall/?depth4=190&depth5=",
      "viewerUrl": "https://museum.ssu.ac.kr/en/exhibition/permanent-exhibition/modernization-and-national-movement-hall/?depth4=190&depth5=",
      "rights": "Reuse terms not established in the retrieved record; consult institution.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Museum labels Yanguihyeonramdo as 1603, 201.5 × 448 cm, and says it was brought from a Beijing church in 1604. Its exhibition page supplies a whole-map web image.",
      "accessNote": "institutional-web-image",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Museum page claims it is the only surviving copy. This conflicts with Liaoning institutional evidence; do not repeat that uniqueness claim as established fact.",
        "Li Yingshi’s editorial role is documented by other primary holding-catalogue evidence for the 1603 edition, not the short Soongsil caption."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "revisedWorkAfter",
          "target": "ricci-kunyu-1602"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://museum.ssu.ac.kr/en/exhibition/permanent-exhibition/modernization-and-national-movement-hall/?depth4=190&depth5=",
          "title": "Institutional record · museum.ssu.ac.kr",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [
        {
          "id": null,
          "label": "Source image",
          "service": null,
          "image": "https://museum.ssu.ac.kr/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/59/2019/12/3.양의현람도.jpg",
          "thumbnail": null,
          "width": null,
          "height": null,
          "verification": {
            "checked": "2026-11-06T02:23:39+00:00",
            "service": null,
            "attempts": [
              {
                "url": "https://museum.ssu.ac.kr/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/59/2019/12/3.양의현람도.jpg",
                "status": null,
                "error": "'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 46-50: ordinal not in range(128)"
              }
            ],
            "status": "source-link"
          }
        }
      ],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "ricci",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "image",
      "searchText": "ricci-liangyi-1603-soongsil Liangyi xuanlan tu / Yanguihyeonramdo 兩儀玄覽圖 Soongsil University, Korean Christian Museum  Matteo Ricci Li Yingshi 1603 1603 1603 Museum labels Yanguihyeonramdo as 1603, 201.5 × 448 cm, and says it was brought from a Beijing church in 1604. Its exhibition page supplies a whole-map web image. "
    },
    {
      "id": "ricci-liangyi-sinica-photo-0008",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Liangyi xuanlan tu",
      "originalTitle": "兩儀玄覽圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Matteo Ricci",
          "originalName": "利瑪竇",
          "role": "cartographer"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1603",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": null
      },
      "type": "photographic-reproduction",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "photographic-reproduction",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "Beijing Library (now National Library of China), Yutu yaolu catalogue hosted by Academia Sinica",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://ccts.sinica.edu.tw/catalog/detail.php?num=0008",
      "viewerUrl": "https://ccts.sinica.edu.tw/catalog/detail.php?num=0008",
      "rights": "Reuse terms not established in the retrieved record; consult institution.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Catalogue 0008 identifies a photographic copy from the Liaoning 1603 print, with eight detail enlargements.",
      "accessNote": "metadata-only",
      "uncertainties": [
        "This record establishes a reproduction, not another surviving original print."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "photographicReproductionOf",
          "target": "ricci-liangyi-1603-liaoning"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://ccts.sinica.edu.tw/catalog/detail.php?num=0008",
          "title": "Institutional record · ccts.sinica.edu.tw",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "ricci",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "ricci-liangyi-sinica-photo-0008 Liangyi xuanlan tu 兩儀玄覽圖 Beijing Library (now National Library of China), Yutu yaolu catalogue hosted by Academia Sinica  Matteo Ricci 1603   Catalogue 0008 identifies a photographic copy from the Liaoning 1603 print, with eight detail enlargements. "
    },
    {
      "id": "ricci-liangyi-sinica-photo-0009",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Liangyi xuanlan tu",
      "originalTitle": "兩儀玄覽圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Matteo Ricci",
          "originalName": "利瑪竇",
          "role": "cartographer"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1603",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": null
      },
      "type": "photographic-reproduction",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "photographic-reproduction",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "Beijing Library (now National Library of China), Yutu yaolu catalogue hosted by Academia Sinica",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://ccts.sinica.edu.tw/catalog/detail.php?num=0009",
      "viewerUrl": "https://ccts.sinica.edu.tw/catalog/detail.php?num=0009",
      "rights": "Reuse terms not established in the retrieved record; consult institution.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Catalogue 0009 identifies a photographic reproduction from a photograph held at Waseda University; one map cut into four sheets, 28.6 × 66 cm.",
      "accessNote": "metadata-only",
      "uncertainties": [
        "This record establishes a reproduction, not another surviving original print."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "reproductionFrom",
          "targetLabel": "Waseda University photograph of Liangyi xuanlan tu"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://ccts.sinica.edu.tw/catalog/detail.php?num=0009",
          "title": "Institutional record · ccts.sinica.edu.tw",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "ricci",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "ricci-liangyi-sinica-photo-0009 Liangyi xuanlan tu 兩儀玄覽圖 Beijing Library (now National Library of China), Yutu yaolu catalogue hosted by Academia Sinica  Matteo Ricci 1603   Catalogue 0009 identifies a photographic reproduction from a photograph held at Waseda University; one map cut into four sheets, 28.6 × 66 cm. "
    },
    {
      "id": "ricci-kunyu-snu-1708",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Kunyu wanguo quantu",
      "originalTitle": "坤輿萬國全圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Matteo Ricci",
          "originalName": "利瑪竇",
          "role": "cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Li Zhizao",
          "originalName": "李之藻",
          "role": "collaborator / publisher"
        },
        {
          "name": "Yi Guk-chwe",
          "originalName": "李國萃",
          "role": "copy project participant"
        },
        {
          "name": "Yu U-chang",
          "originalName": "柳遇昌",
          "role": "copy project participant"
        },
        {
          "name": "Kim Jin-yeo",
          "originalName": "金振汝",
          "role": "painter"
        },
        {
          "name": "Choe Seok-jeong",
          "originalName": "崔錫鼎",
          "role": "inscription / project direction"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1602",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": "1708"
      },
      "type": "physical-copy",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "physical-copy",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "Seoul National University Museum",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://digital.khs.go.kr/heri/heriDetail.do?ctptNo=1121108490000&ctptUid=13921654501535000126",
      "viewerUrl": "https://digital.khs.go.kr/heri/heriDetail.do?ctptNo=1121108490000&ctptUid=13921654501535000126",
      "rights": "Reuse terms not established in the retrieved record; consult institution.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Korea Heritage Service identifies a 1708 court-ordered painted copy, made by the Gwansanggam, with an eighth-panel inscription by Choe Seok-jeong. Custodian is Seoul National University Museum; Treasure designation dates to 9 August 1985.",
      "accessNote": "primary-heritage-record-with-images",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Heritage explanation includes conflicting statements about a Bongseonsa copy’s loss and rediscovery. Keep the SNU surviving copy distinct from the lost Bongseonsa model described by Silhak Museum."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "manuscriptCopyAfter",
          "target": "ricci-kunyu-1602"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://digital.khs.go.kr/heri/heriDetail.do?ctptNo=1121108490000&ctptUid=13921654501535000126",
          "title": "Institutional record · digital.khs.go.kr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.heritage.go.kr/heri/cul/culSelectDetail.do?ccbaCpno=1121108490000&pageNo=1_1_1_1",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · www.heritage.go.kr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://brill.com/edcollchap-oa/book/9789004684782/BP000020.pdf",
          "title": "Lim Jongtae, “Representing an Ideal World Order of the Past: The Cultural Function of the Jesuit World Maps in Eighteenth-Century Korean Government,” in Reimagining the Globe and Cultural Exchange, ed. Laura Hostetler (Brill, 2024), chapter 8.",
          "locator": "pp. 235–236, fig. 8.1; section4",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": "Examines the 1708 court reproduction, its Ming associations and government sponsorship."
        },
        {
          "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-029",
          "title": "Morar, Mapping Encounters: Preliminary Census of Cross-Cultural Maps. CROSS v4, 11 October 2026.",
          "locator": "EA-029"
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": "https://www.heritage.go.kr/unisearch/images/treasure/thumb/1614092.jpg",
      "cross": {
        "id": "EA-029",
        "version": "4",
        "releaseDate": "2026-10-11",
        "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-029",
        "situation": "Transposition",
        "operations": [
          "retention",
          "adaptation"
        ],
        "grade": "documented",
        "claim": "The Korean court reproduced a Ming-painted Ricci world map as a large painted artifact for its own political and scholarly setting.",
        "languages": "Chinese",
        "familyNote": "Related records identify context unless an explicit directional reproduction, localization or transformation link is supplied. Each eligible record counts only its anchored map.",
        "familyLinks": [
          {
            "label": "Kunyu wanguo quantu, James Ford Bell Library print",
            "type": "contextual related group",
            "note": "No direct copying relationship between these specific surviving objects is asserted.",
            "related_id": "EA-001",
            "url": "https://www.loc.gov/item/2010585650/",
            "locator": "",
            "grade": "group membership only",
            "direction": "undetermined"
          },
          {
            "label": "Shanhai yudi quantu",
            "type": "contextual related group",
            "note": "No direct copying relationship between these specific surviving objects is asserted. Contextual record; excluded from the active map count.",
            "related_id": "",
            "url": "",
            "locator": "",
            "grade": "group membership only",
            "direction": "undetermined"
          },
          {
            "label": "Liangyi xuanlan tu, Liaoning copy with Manchu annotations",
            "type": "contextual related group",
            "note": "No direct copying relationship between these specific surviving objects is asserted.",
            "related_id": "EA-009",
            "url": "https://cstudy1.connectedcartographies.net/",
            "locator": "",
            "grade": "group membership only",
            "direction": "undetermined"
          },
          {
            "label": "Kunyu wanguo quantu byōbu, Kobe Nanba screen",
            "type": "contextual related group",
            "note": "No direct copying relationship between these specific surviving objects is asserted.",
            "related_id": "EA-028",
            "url": "https://online.bunka.go.jp/heritages/detail/449020",
            "locator": "",
            "grade": "group membership only",
            "direction": "undetermined"
          }
        ],
        "reviewDate": "2026-10-05"
      },
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "ricci",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "ricci-kunyu-snu-1708 Kunyu wanguo quantu 坤輿萬國全圖 Seoul National University Museum  Matteo Ricci Li Zhizao Yi Guk-chwe Yu U-chang Kim Jin-yeo Choe Seok-jeong 1602  1708 Korea Heritage Service identifies a 1708 court-ordered painted copy, made by the Gwansanggam, with an eighth-panel inscription by Choe Seok-jeong. Custodian is Seoul National University Museum; Treasure designation dates to 9 August 1985. EA-029",
      "cachedThumbnail": "media/3770217facb21023152c-thumb.webp"
    },
    {
      "id": "ricci-kunyu-bongseonsa-1708-lost",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Kunyu wanguo quantu",
      "originalTitle": "坤輿萬國全圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Matteo Ricci",
          "originalName": "利瑪竇",
          "role": "cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Li Zhizao",
          "originalName": "李之藻",
          "role": "collaborator / publisher"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1602",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": "September 1708"
      },
      "type": "lost-attested-copy",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "lost-attested-copy",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "Formerly Bongseonsa; photographic evidence at SNU Kyujanggak",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/new-gonyeo-manguk-cheondo-new-matteo-ricci%E2%80%99s-world-map/twGEi2Om9Nmouw?hl=ko",
      "viewerUrl": "https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/new-gonyeo-manguk-cheondo-new-matteo-ricci%E2%80%99s-world-map/twGEi2Om9Nmouw?hl=ko",
      "rights": "Reuse terms not established in the retrieved record; consult institution.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Silhak Museum’s own Arts & Culture text distinguishes an August 1708 copy now at SNU from a September 1708 Bongseonsa copy destroyed during the Korean War, known through photographs held at Kyujanggak.",
      "accessNote": "lost-copy-photographic-witness-attested",
      "uncertainties": [
        "No exact Kyujanggak photograph record or image service established."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "manuscriptCopyAfter",
          "target": "ricci-kunyu-1602"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/new-gonyeo-manguk-cheondo-new-matteo-ricci%E2%80%99s-world-map/twGEi2Om9Nmouw?hl=ko",
          "title": "Institutional record · artsandculture.google.com",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "ricci",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "ricci-kunyu-bongseonsa-1708-lost Kunyu wanguo quantu 坤輿萬國全圖 Formerly Bongseonsa; photographic evidence at SNU Kyujanggak  Matteo Ricci Li Zhizao 1602  September 1708 Silhak Museum’s own Arts & Culture text distinguishes an August 1708 copy now at SNU from a September 1708 Bongseonsa copy destroyed during the Korean War, known through photographs held at Kyujanggak. "
    },
    {
      "id": "ricci-kunyu-silhak-reconstruction2011",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "New Gonyeo manguk cheondo",
      "originalTitle": "新坤與萬國全圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Silhak Museum reconstruction team",
          "role": "modern reconstruction"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1602",
        "edition": "2011",
        "copy": "2011"
      },
      "type": "modern-reconstruction",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "modern-reconstruction",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "Silhak Museum",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/new-gonyeo-manguk-cheondo-new-matteo-ricci%E2%80%99s-world-map/twGEi2Om9Nmouw?hl=ko",
      "viewerUrl": "https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/new-gonyeo-manguk-cheondo-new-matteo-ricci%E2%80%99s-world-map/twGEi2Om9Nmouw?hl=ko",
      "rights": "Reuse terms not established in the retrieved record; consult institution.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Museum’s text states explicitly that this is a 2011 full-size reconstruction, based on photographs of the lost Bongseonsa map, with missing text checked against Kyoto and Minnesota prints and colors informed by the SNU copy.",
      "accessNote": "institutional-partner-zoom-viewer",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Arts & Culture date field says 1708 although the object description explicitly dates the reconstruction to 2011."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "reconstructionOf",
          "target": "ricci-kunyu-bongseonsa-1708-lost"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/new-gonyeo-manguk-cheondo-new-matteo-ricci%E2%80%99s-world-map/twGEi2Om9Nmouw?hl=ko",
          "title": "Institutional record · artsandculture.google.com",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "ricci",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "ricci-kunyu-silhak-reconstruction2011 New Gonyeo manguk cheondo 新坤與萬國全圖 Silhak Museum  Silhak Museum reconstruction team 1602 2011 2011 Museum’s text states explicitly that this is a 2011 full-size reconstruction, based on photographs of the lost Bongseonsa map, with missing text checked against Kyoto and Minnesota prints and colors informed by the SNU copy. "
    },
    {
      "id": "ricci-kunyu-hkmm-kltam",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Kunyu wanguo quantu",
      "originalTitle": "坤輿萬國全圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Matteo Ricci",
          "originalName": "利瑪竇",
          "role": "cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Unknown Japanese artist",
          "role": "copyist"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1602",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": "17th century (partner record title)"
      },
      "type": "physical-copy",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "physical-copy",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "K. L. Tam collection; exhibited by Hong Kong Maritime Museum",
      "shelfmark": "HKMM2014.02.0005 (museum object ID)",
      "recordUrl": "https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/kunyu-wanguo-quantu-complete-map-of-all-nations-on-earth-c-17th-century-right-half-original-by-matteo-ricci-in-1602-produced-in-japan/YAE469nKUMv23w",
      "viewerUrl": "https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/kunyu-wanguo-quantu-complete-map-of-all-nations-on-earth-c-17th-century-right-half-original-by-matteo-ricci-in-1602-produced-in-japan/YAE469nKUMv23w",
      "rights": "Record: Copyright held by K. L. Tam.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Museum partner record identifies a Japanese hand-calligraphed colored paper screen, 171 × 390 cm, from K. L. Tam’s collection. The digital object is explicitly the right half.",
      "accessNote": "institutional-partner-zoom-viewer",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Exhibition object ID does not imply current museum ownership. Only right-half digital object established."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "manuscriptCopyAfter",
          "target": "ricci-kunyu-1602"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/kunyu-wanguo-quantu-complete-map-of-all-nations-on-earth-c-17th-century-right-half-original-by-matteo-ricci-in-1602-produced-in-japan/YAE469nKUMv23w",
          "title": "Institutional record · artsandculture.google.com",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "ricci",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "ricci-kunyu-hkmm-kltam Kunyu wanguo quantu 坤輿萬國全圖 K. L. Tam collection; exhibited by Hong Kong Maritime Museum HKMM2014.02.0005 (museum object ID) Matteo Ricci Unknown Japanese artist 1602  17th century (partner record title) Museum partner record identifies a Japanese hand-calligraphed colored paper screen, 171 × 390 cm, from K. L. Tam’s collection. The digital object is explicitly the right half. "
    },
    {
      "id": "ricci-kunyu-hayashibara",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Kunyu wanguo quantu",
      "originalTitle": "坤輿萬國全圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Kano Jitoku",
          "originalName": "狩野自得",
          "role": "attributed painter"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1602",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": "Edo period; possibly 1702"
      },
      "type": "physical-copy",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "physical-copy",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "Hayashibara Museum of Art",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.hayashibara-museumofart.jp/list/collection%26S_56%3D%E5%B1%8F%E9%A2%A8",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.hayashibara-museumofart.jp/list/collection%26S_56%3D%E5%B1%8F%E9%A2%A8",
      "rights": "Museum explicitly prohibits unauthorized image reproduction.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Museum describes an Ikeda family screen, 164.8 × 376.0 cm, and suggests correspondence with an order to Kano Jitoku in 1701 completed in 1702. Its official news page links ultra-high-resolution viewers, with and without Japanese translation.",
      "accessNote": "institutional-linked-zoom-viewer-endpoint-failed",
      "uncertainties": [
        "High-resolution host returned 502 to web retrieval. This is not evidence that the images are absent.",
        "Museum attribution and suggested 1702 identification remain qualified."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "manuscriptCopyAfter",
          "target": "ricci-kunyu-1602"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.hayashibara-museumofart.jp/list/collection%26S_56%3D%E5%B1%8F%E9%A2%A8",
          "title": "Institutional record · www.hayashibara-museumofart.jp",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.hayashibara-museumofart.jp/data/531/info_tpl/",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · www.hayashibara-museumofart.jp",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://sumiyakenji.xsrv.jp/data/konyo-hayashibara-mus/",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · sumiyakenji.xsrv.jp",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://sumiyakenji.xsrv.jp/data/konyo-hayashibara-mus/index2.html",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · sumiyakenji.xsrv.jp",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "ricci",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "ricci-kunyu-hayashibara Kunyu wanguo quantu 坤輿萬國全圖 Hayashibara Museum of Art  Kano Jitoku 1602  Edo period; possibly 1702 Museum describes an Ikeda family screen, 164.8 × 376.0 cm, and suggests correspondence with an order to Kano Jitoku in 1701 completed in 1702. Its official news page links ultra-high-resolution viewers, with and without Japanese translation. "
    },
    {
      "id": "ricci-kunyu-edotokyo",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Kunyu wanguo quantu",
      "originalTitle": "坤興万国全図",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Unknown",
          "role": "copyist"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1602",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": "Edo period"
      },
      "type": "physical-copy",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "physical-copy",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "Tokyo Metropolitan Edo-Tokyo Museum",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.edo-tokyo-museum.or.jp/asset/2025/09/nnew_list-1.pdf",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.edo-tokyo-museum.or.jp/asset/2025/09/nnew_list-1.pdf",
      "rights": "Reuse terms not established in the retrieved record; consult institution.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Museum’s 2014 exhibition object list records an Edo-period three-scroll set under this title as its own holding.",
      "accessNote": "metadata-only",
      "uncertainties": [
        "No accession record, image service or exact copy date established."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "laterCopyInRicciTradition",
          "target": "ricci-kunyu-1602"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.edo-tokyo-museum.or.jp/asset/2025/09/nnew_list-1.pdf",
          "title": "Institutional record · www.edo-tokyo-museum.or.jp",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "ricci",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "ricci-kunyu-edotokyo Kunyu wanguo quantu 坤興万国全図 Tokyo Metropolitan Edo-Tokyo Museum  Unknown 1602  Edo period Museum’s 2014 exhibition object list records an Edo-period three-scroll set under this title as its own holding. "
    },
    {
      "id": "ricci-kunyu-nmjh-facsimile-panel2",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Kunyu wanguo quantu",
      "originalTitle": "坤輿萬國全圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Matteo Ricci",
          "originalName": "利瑪竇",
          "role": "cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Li Zhizao",
          "originalName": "李之藻",
          "role": "collaborator / publisher"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1602",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": null
      },
      "type": "facsimile",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "facsimile",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "National Museum of Japanese History",
      "shelfmark": "H-1592-1-2",
      "recordUrl": "https://khirin.rekihaku.ac.jp/pid/nmjh_collection/H-1592-1-2.html",
      "viewerUrl": "https://khirin.rekihaku.ac.jp/pid/nmjh_collection/H-1592-1-2.html",
      "rights": "Record states CC BY-SA 4.0.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Museum record explicitly labels this as a replica of panel 2 of the original at Miyagi Prefectural Library, 168.9 × 63.3 cm.",
      "accessNote": "metadata-only",
      "uncertainties": [
        "The record date 1602 describes the model; manufacture date of the replica is not supplied."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "facsimileOf",
          "target": "ricci-kunyu-1602-miyagi"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://khirin.rekihaku.ac.jp/pid/nmjh_collection/H-1592-1-2.html",
          "title": "Institutional record · khirin.rekihaku.ac.jp",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "ricci",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "ricci-kunyu-nmjh-facsimile-panel2 Kunyu wanguo quantu 坤輿萬國全圖 National Museum of Japanese History H-1592-1-2 Matteo Ricci Li Zhizao 1602   Museum record explicitly labels this as a replica of panel 2 of the original at Miyagi Prefectural Library, 168.9 × 63.3 cm. "
    },
    {
      "id": "ricci-zhaoqing1584-lost",
      "family": "qing",
      "title": "Early Zhaoqing world map",
      "originalTitle": "[title not established from retrieved primary holding source]",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Matteo Ricci",
          "originalName": "利瑪竇",
          "role": "cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Wang Pan",
          "originalName": "王泮",
          "role": "editor"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1584",
        "edition": "1584",
        "copy": null
      },
      "type": "lost-attested-edition",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "lost-attested-edition",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "No extant original holding established",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.rgs.org/our-collections/stories-from-our-collections/explore-our-collections/kunyu-wanguo-quantu-map",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.rgs.org/our-collections/stories-from-our-collections/explore-our-collections/kunyu-wanguo-quantu-map",
      "rights": "Reuse terms not established in the retrieved record; consult institution.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Royal Geographical Society holding narrative attests the 1584 map made in Zhaoqing, names its editor and states it is no longer extant.",
      "accessNote": "lost-attested",
      "uncertainties": [
        "This is a historical edition node, not a digital holding. Later book witnesses must be catalogued separately."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "earlierStageOf",
          "target": "ricci-kunyu-1602"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.rgs.org/our-collections/stories-from-our-collections/explore-our-collections/kunyu-wanguo-quantu-map",
          "title": "Institutional record · www.rgs.org",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "ricci",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "ricci-zhaoqing1584-lost Early Zhaoqing world map [title not established from retrieved primary holding source] No extant original holding established  Matteo Ricci Wang Pan 1584 1584  Royal Geographical Society holding narrative attests the 1584 map made in Zhaoqing, names its editor and states it is no longer extant. "
    },
    {
      "id": "ricci-nanjing1600-lost",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Nanjing world map",
      "originalTitle": "[title not established from retrieved primary holding source]",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Matteo Ricci",
          "originalName": "利瑪竇",
          "role": "cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Wu Zhongming",
          "originalName": "吳中明",
          "role": "editor"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1600",
        "edition": "1600",
        "copy": null
      },
      "type": "lost-attested-edition",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "lost-attested-edition",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "No extant original holding established",
      "shelfmark": null,
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        "The catalogue publication date is preserved. It is not independently established here as the actual date of this individual impression.",
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      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "BnF identifies a woodblock map attributed in its lower-left legend to Sambiasi; its present catalogue assigns ca. 1648 and explicitly identifies Ricci as author of the model.",
      "accessNote": "institutional-viewer-linked; attempted IIIF fetch returned HTTP 403",
      "uncertainties": [
        "The BnF event title also uses circa 1630, while its catalogue and image caption use 1648. Do not give every copy the same date.",
        "A failed IIIF request establishes a fetch failure, not the absence of an institutional IIIF service.",
        "No named Chinese collaborator has been identified in this captured record."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "adapts",
          "target": "ricci-kunyu-wanguo-quantu",
          "certainty": "documented",
          "label": "Ricci world-map model",
          "sourceUrl": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb406117733"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb406117733",
          "title": "Institutional record · catalogue.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b72001882",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · gallica.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.bnf.fr/fr/agenda/la-carte-complete-cosmographique-dressee-par-francesco-sambiasi-vers-1630-une-etape-de",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · www.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b72001882/f1.thumbnail.highres",
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-sambiasi-bnf-1648 Kunyu quantu 坤輿全圖 / Kun yu quan tu Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans GE AA-2565 (RES) Francesco Sambiasi (畢方濟) Matteo Ricci (利瑪竇) before or about 1648; earlier work-family dating remains disputed ca. 1648 [Shunzhi 5], as catalogued ca. 1648 BnF identifies a woodblock map attributed in its lower-left legend to Sambiasi; its present catalogue assigns ca. 1648 and explicitly identifies Ricci as author of the model. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-sambiasi-ghent",
      "family": "sambiasi",
      "title": "Kunyu quantu",
      "originalTitle": "坤輿全圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Francesco Sambiasi",
          "role": "cartographer"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "17th century; exact impression dates unresolved here",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": null
      },
      "type": "physical-copy",
      "recordKind": "physical-copy",
      "unit": "physical-copy",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": "other-sambiasi-ghent",
      "workId": "sambiasi-kunyu-quantu",
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": "sambiasi-ghent",
      "holding": "Ghent University Library",
      "shelfmark": "Krt.928 / i.z.948 (historical library designation)",
      "recordUrl": "https://lib.ugent.be/catalog/rug01:001391064",
      "viewerUrl": "https://lib.ugent.be/catalog/rug01:001391064",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Ghent University Library exhibition documentation identifies six known exemplars and their repositories, including this copy. This is an attestation by a holding library, not a current copy-level record for the other institutions.",
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      "uncertainties": [
        "Copy-level date and current shelfmark require confirmation from its repository.",
        "The six-copy statement is historical, from the library exhibition, and is not asserted as an exhaustive 2026 census.",
        "The old catalogue URL redirects to an Alma record shell; the shell does not expose an image service. BIB.IZN.000011 appears in a museum catalogue but is not substituted as a verified current local shelfmark here."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isCopyOf",
          "target": "sambiasi-kunyu-quantu",
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        },
        {
          "type": "sameVersionGroupAs",
          "target": "other-sambiasi-bnf-1648",
          "certainty": "documented",
          "label": "Ghent library exhibition groups Ghent, Rome and Paris together",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/bibliotheek/20090828-persmap-en.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://lib.ugent.be/catalog/rug01:001391064",
          "title": "Institutional record · lib.ugent.be",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/bibliotheek/20090828-persmap-en.pdf",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · www.ugent.be",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://libstore.ugent.be/fulltxt/RUG01/001/671/016/RUG01-001671016_2012_0003_AC.pdf",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · libstore.ugent.be",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/446686",
          "title": "Ann Heirman, Paolo De Troia and Jan Parmentier, “Francesco Sambiasi, a Missing Link in European Map Making in China?” Imago Mundi 61, no. 1 (2009): 29–46. DOI: 10.1080/03085690802024158.",
          "locator": "article 29–46; bibliographic record and abstract checked",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/224187/1/SSimon_Sambiasi.pdf",
          "title": "S. Simon, “Francesco Sambiasi, Kunyu quanto,” in C. Oger, S. Simon and P. Thirion, Empreintes. Patrimoine écrit, témoin de l’Histoire (Liège: Presses universitaires de Liège, 2018), 164–165.",
          "locator": "pp. 164–165",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://libstore.ugent.be/fulltxt/RUG01/001/671/016/RUG01-001671016_2012_0003_AC.pdf",
          "title": "Ghent University Library, library newsletter (2012), account of the Sambiasi map.",
          "locator": "p. 3",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-036",
          "title": "Morar, Mapping Encounters: Preliminary Census of Cross-Cultural Maps. CROSS v4, 11 October 2026.",
          "locator": "EA-036"
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": {
        "id": "EA-036",
        "version": "4",
        "releaseDate": "2026-10-11",
        "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-036",
        "situation": "Co-production",
        "operations": [
          "translation",
          "adaptation"
        ],
        "grade": "documented",
        "claim": "European outlines and a spherical-earth explanation are rendered in Chinese.",
        "languages": "Chinese",
        "familyNote": "The group supplies context; only the identified map is counted.",
        "familyLinks": [],
        "reviewDate": "2026-10-05"
      },
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-sambiasi-ghent Kunyu quantu 坤輿全圖 Ghent University Library Krt.928 / i.z.948 (historical library designation) Francesco Sambiasi 17th century; exact impression dates unresolved here   Ghent University Library exhibition documentation identifies six known exemplars and their repositories, including this copy. This is an attestation by a holding library, not a current copy-level record for the other institutions. EA-036"
    },
    {
      "id": "other-sambiasi-vatican",
      "family": "sambiasi",
      "title": "Kunyu quantu",
      "originalTitle": "坤輿全圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Francesco Sambiasi",
          "role": "cartographer"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "17th century; exact impression dates unresolved here",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": null
      },
      "type": "institutionally-attested-copy",
      "recordKind": "institutionally-attested-copy",
      "unit": "institutionally-attested-copy",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Historical institutional attestation; excluded from confirmed map-unit totals until copy-level identity is verified.",
      "unitGroupId": "other-sambiasi-vatican",
      "workId": "sambiasi-kunyu-quantu",
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": "sambiasi-vatican",
      "holding": "Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/bibliotheek/20090828-persmap-en.pdf",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/bibliotheek/20090828-persmap-en.pdf",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Ghent University Library exhibition documentation identifies six known exemplars and their repositories, including this copy. This is an attestation by a holding library, not a current copy-level record for the other institutions.",
      "accessNote": "institutional historical attestation; image endpoint not established",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Copy-level date and current shelfmark require confirmation from its repository.",
        "The six-copy statement is historical, from the library exhibition, and is not asserted as an exhaustive 2026 census."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isCopyOf",
          "target": "sambiasi-kunyu-quantu",
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        },
        {
          "type": "sameVersionGroupAs",
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          "label": "Ghent library exhibition groups Ghent, Rome and Paris together",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/bibliotheek/20090828-persmap-en.pdf"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/bibliotheek/20090828-persmap-en.pdf",
          "title": "Institutional record · www.ugent.be",
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://libstore.ugent.be/fulltxt/RUG01/001/671/016/RUG01-001671016_2012_0003_AC.pdf",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · libstore.ugent.be",
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        }
      ],
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      "cachedManifests": [],
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      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-sambiasi-vatican Kunyu quantu 坤輿全圖 Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana  Francesco Sambiasi 17th century; exact impression dates unresolved here   Ghent University Library exhibition documentation identifies six known exemplars and their repositories, including this copy. This is an attestation by a holding library, not a current copy-level record for the other institutions. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-sambiasi-turin",
      "family": "sambiasi",
      "title": "Kunyu quantu",
      "originalTitle": "坤輿全圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Francesco Sambiasi",
          "role": "cartographer"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "17th century; exact impression dates unresolved here",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": null
      },
      "type": "institutionally-attested-copy",
      "recordKind": "institutionally-attested-copy",
      "unit": "institutionally-attested-copy",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Historical institutional attestation; excluded from confirmed map-unit totals until copy-level identity is verified.",
      "unitGroupId": "other-sambiasi-turin",
      "workId": "sambiasi-kunyu-quantu",
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": "sambiasi-turin",
      "holding": "Archivio di Stato di Torino",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/bibliotheek/20090828-persmap-en.pdf",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/bibliotheek/20090828-persmap-en.pdf",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Ghent University Library exhibition documentation identifies six known exemplars and their repositories, including this copy. This is an attestation by a holding library, not a current copy-level record for the other institutions.",
      "accessNote": "institutional historical attestation; image endpoint not established",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Copy-level date and current shelfmark require confirmation from its repository.",
        "The six-copy statement is historical, from the library exhibition, and is not asserted as an exhaustive 2026 census."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isCopyOf",
          "target": "sambiasi-kunyu-quantu",
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        }
      ],
      "sources": [
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          "title": "Institutional record · www.ugent.be",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://libstore.ugent.be/fulltxt/RUG01/001/671/016/RUG01-001671016_2012_0003_AC.pdf",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · libstore.ugent.be",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
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        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-sambiasi-turin Kunyu quantu 坤輿全圖 Archivio di Stato di Torino  Francesco Sambiasi 17th century; exact impression dates unresolved here   Ghent University Library exhibition documentation identifies six known exemplars and their repositories, including this copy. This is an attestation by a holding library, not a current copy-level record for the other institutions. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-sambiasi-vienna",
      "family": "sambiasi",
      "title": "Kunyu quantu",
      "originalTitle": "坤輿全圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Francesco Sambiasi",
          "role": "cartographer"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "17th century; exact impression dates unresolved here",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": null
      },
      "type": "institutionally-attested-copy",
      "recordKind": "institutionally-attested-copy",
      "unit": "institutionally-attested-copy",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Historical institutional attestation; excluded from confirmed map-unit totals until copy-level identity is verified.",
      "unitGroupId": "other-sambiasi-vienna",
      "workId": "sambiasi-kunyu-quantu",
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": "sambiasi-vienna",
      "holding": "Österreichische Nationalbibliothek",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/bibliotheek/20090828-persmap-en.pdf",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/bibliotheek/20090828-persmap-en.pdf",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Ghent University Library exhibition documentation identifies six known exemplars and their repositories, including this copy. This is an attestation by a holding library, not a current copy-level record for the other institutions.",
      "accessNote": "institutional historical attestation; image endpoint not established",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Copy-level date and current shelfmark require confirmation from its repository.",
        "The six-copy statement is historical, from the library exhibition, and is not asserted as an exhaustive 2026 census."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isCopyOf",
          "target": "sambiasi-kunyu-quantu",
          "certainty": "documented"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/bibliotheek/20090828-persmap-en.pdf",
          "title": "Institutional record · www.ugent.be",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://libstore.ugent.be/fulltxt/RUG01/001/671/016/RUG01-001671016_2012_0003_AC.pdf",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · libstore.ugent.be",
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        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
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      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-sambiasi-vienna Kunyu quantu 坤輿全圖 Österreichische Nationalbibliothek  Francesco Sambiasi 17th century; exact impression dates unresolved here   Ghent University Library exhibition documentation identifies six known exemplars and their repositories, including this copy. This is an attestation by a holding library, not a current copy-level record for the other institutions. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-sambiasi-private-2009",
      "family": "sambiasi",
      "title": "Kunyu quantu",
      "originalTitle": "坤輿全圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Francesco Sambiasi",
          "role": "cartographer"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "17th century; exact impression dates unresolved here",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": null
      },
      "type": "institutionally-attested-copy",
      "recordKind": "institutionally-attested-copy",
      "unit": "institutionally-attested-copy",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Historical institutional attestation; excluded from confirmed map-unit totals until copy-level identity is verified.",
      "unitGroupId": "other-sambiasi-private-2009",
      "workId": "sambiasi-kunyu-quantu",
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": "sambiasi-private-2009",
      "holding": "Private collection, as attested by Ghent University Library in 2009",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/bibliotheek/20090828-persmap-en.pdf",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/bibliotheek/20090828-persmap-en.pdf",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Ghent University Library exhibition documentation identifies six known exemplars and their repositories, including this copy. This is an attestation by a holding library, not a current copy-level record for the other institutions.",
      "accessNote": "institutional historical attestation; image endpoint not established",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Copy-level date and current shelfmark require confirmation from its repository.",
        "The six-copy statement is historical, from the library exhibition, and is not asserted as an exhaustive 2026 census."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isCopyOf",
          "target": "sambiasi-kunyu-quantu",
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      ],
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          "title": "Institutional record · www.ugent.be",
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://libstore.ugent.be/fulltxt/RUG01/001/671/016/RUG01-001671016_2012_0003_AC.pdf",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · libstore.ugent.be",
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        }
      ],
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        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
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      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-sambiasi-private-2009 Kunyu quantu 坤輿全圖 Private collection, as attested by Ghent University Library in 2009  Francesco Sambiasi 17th century; exact impression dates unresolved here   Ghent University Library exhibition documentation identifies six known exemplars and their repositories, including this copy. This is an attestation by a holding library, not a current copy-level record for the other institutions. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-sambiasi-1639-attestation",
      "family": "sambiasi",
      "title": "World map presented to the Chongzhen emperor",
      "originalTitle": null,
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Francesco Sambiasi",
          "role": "presenter/cartographer"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1639 (presentation attested)",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": null
      },
      "type": "lost-work-attestation",
      "recordKind": "lost-work-attestation",
      "unit": "lost-work-attestation",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Attested presentation without an identified surviving map copy.",
      "unitGroupId": "other-sambiasi-1639-attestation",
      "workId": "sambiasi-1639-presentation",
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "No surviving presentation copy identified in the museum catalogue cited",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://repositorio.ulisboa.pt/entities/publication/27988d8f-7dc1-49d2-9fd4-e1a509b8ab14",
      "viewerUrl": "https://repositorio.ulisboa.pt/entities/publication/27988d8f-7dc1-49d2-9fd4-e1a509b8ab14",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "The Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga catalogue contribution records the 1639 presentation and states that its exemplar has not survived.",
      "accessNote": "museum-catalogue attestation; no surviving object identified",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Do not equate the presented map with a particular surviving impression."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "possiblePrototypeOf",
          "target": "sambiasi-kunyu-quantu",
          "certainty": "hypothesis",
          "label": "Relationship proposed in museum catalogue, not established identity",
          "sourceUrl": "https://repositorio.ulisboa.pt/entities/publication/27988d8f-7dc1-49d2-9fd4-e1a509b8ab14"
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      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://repositorio.ulisboa.pt/entities/publication/27988d8f-7dc1-49d2-9fd4-e1a509b8ab14",
          "title": "Institutional record · repositorio.ulisboa.pt",
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        }
      ],
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      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-sambiasi-1639-attestation World map presented to the Chongzhen emperor  No surviving presentation copy identified in the museum catalogue cited  Francesco Sambiasi 1639 (presentation attested)   The Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga catalogue contribution records the 1639 presentation and states that its exemplar has not survived. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-ruggieri-rome-atlas",
      "family": "ruggieri",
      "title": "Atlante della Cina",
      "originalTitle": "Atlante della Cina (repository title)",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Michele Ruggieri",
          "role": "compiler/cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Anonymous Chinese collaborator",
          "role": "substantial contribution documented by the archive"
        },
        {
          "name": "Other Jesuit colleagues, unnamed",
          "role": "collaboration proposed by archive"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1579–1606 (archive gives the working period)",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": null
      },
      "type": "manuscript-atlas-copy",
      "recordKind": "manuscript-atlas-copy",
      "unit": "manuscript-atlas-copy",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Container record. Count constituent map units, not this atlas or map group.",
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        "The archive states that a Chinese collaborator made an important contribution but does not name that person.",
        "The complete index has 79 surfaces, not 79 distinct maps. Thirty-one rows explicitly labelled mappa are indexed below; some labels or classifications may need image-level review."
      ],
      "relations": [],
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        {
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        {
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          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · imagoarchiviodistatoroma.cultura.gov.it",
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        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
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    },
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      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Michele Ruggieri",
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        },
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        },
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          "role": "collaboration proposed by archive"
        }
      ],
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        "copy": null
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      "accessNote": "sample JPEG HTTP 200; source-derived endpoint from institutional viewer",
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        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
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      "imageAccess": "image",
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      "id": "other-ruggieri-rome-map-002",
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        {
          "name": "Michele Ruggieri",
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        },
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          "name": "Anonymous Chinese collaborator",
          "role": "substantial contribution documented by the archive"
        },
        {
          "name": "Other Jesuit colleagues, unnamed",
          "role": "collaboration proposed by archive"
        }
      ],
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        "copy": null
      },
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      "recordKind": "book-map-component",
      "unit": "book-map-component",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": "other-ruggieri-rome-map-002",
      "workId": "ruggieri-atlante-cina",
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      "copyId": "ruggieri-rome-manuscript",
      "holding": "Archivio di Stato di Roma",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://imagoarchiviodistatoroma.cultura.gov.it/ruggieri/ruggieri_docs.html",
      "viewerUrl": "https://imagoarchiviodistatoroma.cultura.gov.it/iip_viewer/iiifserver.php?dir=&file=/Ruggeri/002.jp2",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Holding archive live index: manuscript surface 2, atlas sequence 4, label Quamtum (mappa). The JPEG endpoint is assembled exactly as the institutional viewer code assembles it from this index filename.",
      "accessNote": "source-derived image endpoint; direct status not yet checked for each surface",
      "uncertainties": [
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            "image": "media/ee73df3f19d7e059d535-study.jpg",
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        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
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      "id": "other-ruggieri-rome-map-006",
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      "creators": [
        {
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        },
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          "role": "substantial contribution documented by the archive"
        },
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          "name": "Other Jesuit colleagues, unnamed",
          "role": "collaboration proposed by archive"
        }
      ],
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        "copy": null
      },
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      "unit": "book-map-component",
      "countable": true,
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      "copyId": "ruggieri-rome-manuscript",
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      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://imagoarchiviodistatoroma.cultura.gov.it/ruggieri/ruggieri_docs.html",
      "viewerUrl": "https://imagoarchiviodistatoroma.cultura.gov.it/iip_viewer/iiifserver.php?dir=&file=/Ruggeri/006.jp2",
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      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Holding archive live index: manuscript surface 6, atlas sequence 5, label Hainan e le altre isole del sud della Cina  (mappa). The JPEG endpoint is assembled exactly as the institutional viewer code assembles it from this index filename.",
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      "uncertainties": [
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        "Legacy image URL is derived from the repository code and exact index filename; a sample check is separate from the metadata evidence."
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    {
      "id": "other-martini-loc-1655",
      "family": "martini",
      "title": "Novus atlas Sinensis",
      "originalTitle": "Novus atlas Sinensis",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Martino Martini",
          "role": "compiler/cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Joan Blaeu",
          "role": "publisher/cartographer"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1655 (first publication)",
        "edition": "1655",
        "copy": "1655"
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      "type": "atlas-copy",
      "recordKind": "atlas-copy",
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      "countExclusionReason": "Container record. Count constituent map units, not this atlas or map group.",
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      "workId": "martini-novus-atlas-sinensis",
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      "holding": "Library of Congress",
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      "recordUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/item/2002625249/",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/item/2002625249/",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "LOC describes the atlas with seventeen folded maps; the online resource interface exposes selected map resources, not necessarily the complete bound volume.",
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      "uncertainties": [
        "No named Chinese collaborator is supplied by this copy record; Chinese source cartography should not be converted into an invented coauthor.",
        "Catalogue language and Dutch appendix titles need copy-level reconciliation; the row does not assume that every Blaeu 1655 copy is the same language edition."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
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        {
          "url": "https://www.loc.gov/item/2002625249/",
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        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
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      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-martini-loc-1655 Novus atlas Sinensis Novus atlas Sinensis Library of Congress  Martino Martini Joan Blaeu 1655 (first publication) 1655 1655 LOC describes the atlas with seventeen folded maps; the online resource interface exposes selected map resources, not necessarily the complete bound volume. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-martini-hkust-1655",
      "family": "martini",
      "title": "Novus atlas Sinensis",
      "originalTitle": "Novus atlas Sinensis",
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        {
          "name": "Martino Martini",
          "role": "compiler/cartographer"
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        {
          "name": "Joan Blaeu",
          "role": "publisher/cartographer"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1655 (first publication)",
        "edition": "1655",
        "copy": "1655"
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      "type": "atlas-copy",
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      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Container record. Count constituent map units, not this atlas or map group.",
      "unitGroupId": "other-martini-hkust-1655",
      "workId": "martini-novus-atlas-sinensis",
      "editionId": "martini-1655-latin",
      "copyId": "martini-hkust-1655",
      "holding": "HKUST Library",
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      "viewerUrl": "https://digitalcollections.hkust.edu.hk/Detail/objects/b528225",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "The HKUST catalogue specifies a Latin copy with seventeen maps and records that its title page is lacking.",
      "accessNote": "catalogue-record",
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        "No named Chinese collaborator is supplied by this copy record; Chinese source cartography should not be converted into an invented coauthor."
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        {
          "url": "https://digitalcollections.hkust.edu.hk/Detail/objects/b528225",
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        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
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      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-martini-hkust-1655 Novus atlas Sinensis Novus atlas Sinensis HKUST Library G2306.S1 M3 1655 Martino Martini Joan Blaeu 1655 (first publication) 1655 1655 The HKUST catalogue specifies a Latin copy with seventeen maps and records that its title page is lacking. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-martini-bnf-1655",
      "family": "martini",
      "title": "Novus atlas Sinensis",
      "originalTitle": "Novus atlas Sinensis",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Martino Martini",
          "role": "compiler/cartographer"
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        {
          "name": "Joan Blaeu",
          "role": "publisher/cartographer"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1655 (first publication)",
        "edition": "1655",
        "copy": "1655"
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      "type": "atlas-copy",
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      "countExclusionReason": "Container record. Count constituent map units, not this atlas or map group.",
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      "shelfmark": "GE DD-1185",
      "recordUrl": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40746342q",
      "viewerUrl": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40746342q",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "BnF records the Latin Amsterdam, J. Blaeu edition and this physical copy; no digital reproduction link is present in the captured record.",
      "accessNote": "catalogue-record",
      "uncertainties": [
        "No named Chinese collaborator is supplied by this copy record; Chinese source cartography should not be converted into an invented coauthor."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isCopyOrImpressionOf",
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        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
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      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-martini-bnf-1655 Novus atlas Sinensis Novus atlas Sinensis Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans GE DD-1185 Martino Martini Joan Blaeu 1655 (first publication) 1655 1655 BnF records the Latin Amsterdam, J. Blaeu edition and this physical copy; no digital reproduction link is present in the captured record. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-martini-zurich-1656",
      "family": "martini",
      "title": "Novus atlas Sinensis",
      "originalTitle": "Novus atlas Sinensis",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Martino Martini",
          "role": "compiler/cartographer"
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        {
          "name": "Joan Blaeu",
          "role": "publisher/cartographer"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1655 (first publication)",
        "edition": "1656 [German edition, as catalogued]",
        "copy": "1656"
      },
      "type": "atlas-copy",
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      "unit": "atlas-copy",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Container record. Count constituent map units, not this atlas or map group.",
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      "workId": "martini-novus-atlas-sinensis",
      "editionId": "martini-1656-german",
      "copyId": "martini-zurich-1656",
      "holding": "Zentralbibliothek Zürich",
      "shelfmark": "T 3",
      "recordUrl": "https://www.e-rara.ch/zuz/content/titleinfo/23987816",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.e-rara.ch/zuz/content/titleinfo/23987816",
      "rights": "Public Domain Mark 1.0. Credit Zentralbibliothek Zürich, T 3, DOI 10.3931/e-rara-84561.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "e-rara identifies the German edition, T 3, Public Domain Mark, and a IIIF manifest. Its table of contents names all seventeen map components.",
      "accessNote": "published IIIF manifest verified through web extraction; direct fetch returned HTTP 403",
      "uncertainties": [
        "No named Chinese collaborator is supplied by this copy record; Chinese source cartography should not be converted into an invented coauthor."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isCopyOrImpressionOf",
          "target": "martini-novus-atlas-sinensis",
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        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-martini-zurich-1656 Novus atlas Sinensis Novus atlas Sinensis Zentralbibliothek Zürich T 3 Martino Martini Joan Blaeu 1655 (first publication) 1656 [German edition, as catalogued] 1656 e-rara identifies the German edition, T 3, Public Domain Mark, and a IIIF manifest. Its table of contents names all seventeen map components. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-martini-vienna-ca1655",
      "family": "martini",
      "title": "Novus atlas Sinensis",
      "originalTitle": "Novus atlas Sinensis",
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          "name": "Martino Martini",
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          "name": "Joan Blaeu",
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      "dates": {
        "work": "1655 (first publication)",
        "edition": "ca. 1655 [as institutional exhibition dates it]",
        "copy": "ca. 1655"
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      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Container record. Count constituent map units, not this atlas or map group.",
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      "workId": "martini-novus-atlas-sinensis",
      "editionId": "martini-ca1655-german",
      "copyId": "martini-vienna-ca1655",
      "holding": "Universitätsbibliothek Wien",
      "shelfmark": "UBW IV-138247",
      "recordUrl": "https://bibliothek.univie.ac.at/sammlungen/objekt_des_monats/008636.html",
      "viewerUrl": "https://bibliothek.univie.ac.at/sammlungen/objekt_des_monats/008636.html",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "University library exhibition identifies its German-titled copy, seventeen coloured maps and former Vienna Jesuit library provenance.",
      "accessNote": "catalogue-record",
      "uncertainties": [
        "No named Chinese collaborator is supplied by this copy record; Chinese source cartography should not be converted into an invented coauthor."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isCopyOrImpressionOf",
          "target": "martini-novus-atlas-sinensis",
          "certainty": "documented"
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      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://bibliothek.univie.ac.at/sammlungen/objekt_des_monats/008636.html",
          "title": "Institutional record · bibliothek.univie.ac.at",
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        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
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      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-martini-vienna-ca1655 Novus atlas Sinensis Novus atlas Sinensis Universitätsbibliothek Wien UBW IV-138247 Martino Martini Joan Blaeu 1655 (first publication) ca. 1655 [as institutional exhibition dates it] ca. 1655 University library exhibition identifies its German-titled copy, seventeen coloured maps and former Vienna Jesuit library provenance. "
    },
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      "id": "other-martini-defensa-1658",
      "family": "martini",
      "title": "Novus atlas Sinensis",
      "originalTitle": "Atlas Nuevo de la Extrema Asia o Descripción geográfica del Imperio de los Chinas",
      "creators": [
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          "name": "Martino Martini",
          "role": "compiler/cartographer"
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        {
          "name": "Joan Blaeu",
          "role": "publisher/cartographer"
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      "dates": {
        "work": "1655 (first publication)",
        "edition": "1658 [Spanish edition]",
        "copy": "1658"
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      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Container record. Count constituent map units, not this atlas or map group.",
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      "shelfmark": "AT_025",
      "recordUrl": "https://bibliotecavirtual.defensa.gob.es/BVMDefensa/es/consulta/registro.do?control=BMDB20240175221",
      "viewerUrl": "https://bibliotecavirtual.defensa.gob.es/BVMDefensa/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=351213",
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      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "The holding catalogue records Juan Blaeu, Amsterdam, seventeen coloured plates and a complete list of map titles; its digital group contains 311 images.",
      "accessNote": "institutional digital viewer, 311 images; IIIF not established here",
      "uncertainties": [
        "No named Chinese collaborator is supplied by this copy record; Chinese source cartography should not be converted into an invented coauthor."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isCopyOrImpressionOf",
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      "searchText": "other-martini-defensa-1658 Novus atlas Sinensis Atlas Nuevo de la Extrema Asia o Descripción geográfica del Imperio de los Chinas Archivo Cartográfico de Estudios Geográficos del Centro Geográfico del Ejército AT_025 Martino Martini Joan Blaeu 1655 (first publication) 1658 [Spanish edition] 1658 The holding catalogue records Juan Blaeu, Amsterdam, seventeen coloured plates and a complete list of map titles; its digital group contains 311 images. "
    },
    {
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      "family": "martini",
      "title": "Novus atlas Sinensis",
      "originalTitle": "Novus atlas Sinensis",
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          "role": "compiler/cartographer"
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        {
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        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1655 (first publication)",
        "edition": "1658? [Spanish, as catalogued]",
        "copy": "1658?"
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      "type": "atlas-copy",
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      "unit": "atlas-copy",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Container record. Count constituent map units, not this atlas or map group.",
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      "viewerUrl": "https://contenido.ign.es/web/catalogo-cartoteca/resources/html/023287.html",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "IGN describes a Spanish atlas with fifteen folded provincial maps, a tentative 1658 imprint and the shelfmark recorded here.",
      "accessNote": "catalogue-record",
      "uncertainties": [
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      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-martini-ign-ca1658 Novus atlas Sinensis Novus atlas Sinensis Instituto Geográfico Nacional, Spain 912-4(V12) Martino Martini Joan Blaeu 1655 (first publication) 1658? [Spanish, as catalogued] 1658? IGN describes a Spanish atlas with fifteen folded provincial maps, a tentative 1658 imprint and the shelfmark recorded here. "
    },
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      "id": "other-martini-nottingham-1655",
      "family": "martini",
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      "originalTitle": "Novus atlas Sinensis",
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      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
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      "viewerUrl": "https://www.e-rara.ch/zuz/content/zoom/23988039",
      "rights": "Public Domain Mark 1.0. Credit Zentralbibliothek Zürich, T 3, DOI 10.3931/e-rara-84561.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Institutional table of contents identifies this map at digital sequence 222. Exact canvas ID occurs in the published manifest range. Follow-up: the holding institution’s map viewer exposes the exact JPEG medium download link recorded here. It was followed independently for this map; no image identifier or IIIF service was guessed.",
      "accessNote": "institutional JPEG link observed; direct fetch HTTP Error 403: Forbidden; IIIF service ID remains unestablished",
      "uncertainties": [
        "A range may include a blank verso; only its map-facing first canvas is indexed when a two-canvas range is present.",
        "Image service has not been inferred from an image filename."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
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          "target": "other-martini-zurich-1656",
          "certainty": "documented"
        }
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      "sources": [
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          "locator": null
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        {
          "url": "https://www.e-rara.ch/zuz/content/zoom/23988039",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · www.e-rara.ch",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.e-rara.ch/zuz/download/webcache/304/23988039",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · www.e-rara.ch",
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      ],
      "manifests": [
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      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [
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          "image": "https://www.e-rara.ch/zuz/download/webcache/304/23988039",
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          "verification": {
            "checked": "2026-11-06T02:32:35+00:00",
            "service": null,
            "attempts": [
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        "checked": "2026-11-06",
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      "displayMode": "inline",
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            "attempts": [
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        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
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      "imageAccess": "image",
      "searchText": "other-martini-zurich-map-17 Iaponia Regnum Iaponia Regnum Zentralbibliothek Zürich T 3 Martino Martini Joan Blaeu 1655 (first publication) 1656 [German edition, as catalogued] 1656 Institutional table of contents identifies this map at digital sequence 241. The institution’s map viewer at sequence 241 supplies the exact JPEG download URL; a canvas ID is not inferred from it. Follow-up: the holding institution’s map viewer exposes the exact JPEG medium download link recorded here. It was followed independently for this map; no image identifier or IIIF service was guessed. "
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      "id": "other-boym-vatican-atlas",
      "family": "boym",
      "title": "Magni Catay",
      "originalTitle": "Magni Catay. Quod olim serica, et modo Sinarum est Monarchia. Quindecim Regnorum. Octodecim geographicae Tabulae.",
      "creators": [
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          "role": "atlas compiler; attribution identified by institutional Jesuit archive study"
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      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "c. 1651–1652 (probable composition, ARSI study)",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": null
      },
      "type": "manuscript-atlas-copy",
      "recordKind": "manuscript-atlas-copy",
      "unit": "manuscript-atlas-copy",
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      "countExclusionReason": "Container record. Count constituent map units, not this atlas or map group.",
      "unitGroupId": "other-boym-vatican-atlas",
      "workId": "boym-magni-catay",
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": "vatican-borg-cin531",
      "holding": "Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana",
      "shelfmark": "Borg.cin.531",
      "recordUrl": "https://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Borg.cin.531",
      "viewerUrl": "https://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Borg.cin.531",
      "rights": "Vatican Library images copyright. Viewer states personal use or study; publication rights must be requested. Link to the institutional viewer for public display unless permission is established.",
      "displayMode": "external-link-only",
      "evidence": "DigiVatLib supplies a 75-canvas manifest and shelfmark. Direct inspection of the manuscript title page confirms Magni Catay and eighteen geographical tables. An institutional ARSI study identifies this manuscript and the probable composition period.",
      "accessNote": "IIIF manifest HTTP 200; study images HTTP 200",
      "uncertainties": [
        "The Vatican public catalogue is shelfmark-only. Author and date should remain qualified and their separate institutional source retained.",
        "Seventy-five digitization canvases include bindings, blank versos, partly folded and unfolded states; they are not seventy-five maps.",
        "No named Chinese collaborator was established in the captured institutional sources."
      ],
      "relations": [],
      "sources": [
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          "url": "https://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Borg.cin.531",
          "title": "Institutional record · digi.vatlib.it",
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    {
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      "family": "boym",
      "title": "Map, manuscript folio 17r.[01.xx.0000]",
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      },
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      "displayMode": "external-link-only",
      "evidence": "The manifest identifies canvas 17r.[01.xx.0000] and its image service. The study contact sheet confirms a map at this unfolded state. No map title has been invented from the folio number.",
      "accessNote": "manifest service verified; thumbnail HTTP 200; study JPEG tested for selected leaves",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Map title transcription remains to be completed where only a folio-based label is supplied.",
        "This row identifies one unfolded map state, not every scan of its folded leaf."
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    },
    {
      "id": "other-boym-map-0058",
      "family": "boym",
      "title": "Map, manuscript folio 18r.[01.xx.0000]",
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      "displayMode": "external-link-only",
      "evidence": "The manifest identifies canvas 18r.[01.xx.0000] and its image service. The study contact sheet confirms a map at this unfolded state. No map title has been invented from the folio number.",
      "accessNote": "manifest service verified; thumbnail HTTP 200; study JPEG tested for selected leaves",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Map title transcription remains to be completed where only a folio-based label is supplied.",
        "This row identifies one unfolded map state, not every scan of its folded leaf."
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      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-boym-map-0058 Map, manuscript folio 18r.[01.xx.0000]  Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana Borg.cin.531 Michał (Michael) Boym c. 1651–1652 (probable composition, ARSI study)   The manifest identifies canvas 18r.[01.xx.0000] and its image service. The study contact sheet confirms a map at this unfolded state. No map title has been invented from the folio number. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-boym-map-0061",
      "family": "boym",
      "title": "Map, manuscript folio 19r.[01.xx.0000]",
      "originalTitle": null,
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Michał (Michael) Boym",
          "role": "atlas compiler; attribution identified by institutional Jesuit archive study"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "c. 1651–1652 (probable composition, ARSI study)",
        "edition": null,
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      },
      "type": "book-map-component",
      "recordKind": "book-map-component",
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      "copyId": "vatican-borg-cin531",
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      "shelfmark": "Borg.cin.531",
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      "rights": "Vatican Library images copyright. Viewer states personal use or study; publication rights must be requested. Link to the institutional viewer for public display unless permission is established.",
      "displayMode": "external-link-only",
      "evidence": "The manifest identifies canvas 19r.[01.xx.0000] and its image service. The study contact sheet confirms a map at this unfolded state. No map title has been invented from the folio number.",
      "accessNote": "manifest service verified; thumbnail HTTP 200; study JPEG tested for selected leaves",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Map title transcription remains to be completed where only a folio-based label is supplied.",
        "This row identifies one unfolded map state, not every scan of its folded leaf."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isComponentOf",
          "target": "other-boym-vatican-atlas",
          "certainty": "documented"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Borg.cin.531",
          "title": "Institutional record · digi.vatlib.it",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://digi.vatlib.it/iiif/MSS_Borg.cin.531/manifest.json",
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          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://arsi.jesuits.global/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/AHSI-2019.I_2-Yuval-Givon.pdf",
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      "manifests": [
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      ],
      "cachedManifests": [
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        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
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      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-boym-map-0061 Map, manuscript folio 19r.[01.xx.0000]  Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana Borg.cin.531 Michał (Michael) Boym c. 1651–1652 (probable composition, ARSI study)   The manifest identifies canvas 19r.[01.xx.0000] and its image service. The study contact sheet confirms a map at this unfolded state. No map title has been invented from the folio number. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-boym-map-0064",
      "family": "boym",
      "title": "Hainan (HAYNAN; geographical label)",
      "originalTitle": "Hainan (HAYNAN; geographical label)",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Michał (Michael) Boym",
          "role": "atlas compiler; attribution identified by institutional Jesuit archive study"
        }
      ],
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        "edition": null,
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      },
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      "displayMode": "external-link-only",
      "evidence": "The manifest identifies canvas 20r.[01.xx.0000] and its image service. The study contact sheet confirms a map at this unfolded state. This short label was read directly from the study image.",
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        "Map title transcription remains to be completed where only a folio-based label is supplied.",
        "This row identifies one unfolded map state, not every scan of its folded leaf."
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        {
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      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-boym-map-0064 Hainan (HAYNAN; geographical label) Hainan (HAYNAN; geographical label) Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana Borg.cin.531 Michał (Michael) Boym c. 1651–1652 (probable composition, ARSI study)   The manifest identifies canvas 20r.[01.xx.0000] and its image service. The study contact sheet confirms a map at this unfolded state. This short label was read directly from the study image. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-schall-vatican-1634",
      "family": "schall",
      "title": "Double stellar hemisphere / Planisfero celeste",
      "originalTitle": "赤道南北兩總星圖 (Double Stellar Hemisphere); Vatican title: Planisfero celeste",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Johann Adam Schall von Bell",
          "role": "astronomer/cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Xu Guangqi (徐光啟)",
          "role": "project leadership and preface, as institutional descriptions state"
        },
        {
          "name": "Wu Ming-chu (institutional record romanization)",
          "role": "production collaborator, named by Bologna record"
        },
        {
          "name": "Chinese astronomers, unnamed",
          "role": "observations and production"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1634",
        "edition": "1634",
        "copy": "1634 [catalogued date]"
      },
      "type": "physical-copy",
      "recordKind": "physical-copy",
      "unit": "physical-copy",
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      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": "other-schall-vatican-1634",
      "workId": "schall-double-stellar-hemisphere-1634",
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": "vatican-bavoa233",
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      "shelfmark": "BAVOA.233",
      "recordUrl": "https://digi.vatlib.it/gds/detail/11052010",
      "viewerUrl": "https://digi.vatlib.it/gds/detail/11052010",
      "rights": "Vatican Library images copyright. Viewer states personal use or study; publication rights must be requested. Link to the institutional viewer for public display unless permission is established.",
      "displayMode": "external-link-only",
      "evidence": "Vatican catalogue identifies Schall, Planisfero celeste, 1634, a woodcut on paper mounted on canvas, about 425 × 200 cm. Its digitization is one small 1152 × 916 image, not a high-resolution multi-panel scan.",
      "accessNote": "IIIF manifest HTTP 200; one low-resolution canvas",
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        "The Chinese collaborator names are supported by the linked Bologna and Macao institutional descriptions, not by the brief Vatican catalogue entry alone.",
        "A public IIIF image endpoint does not supply publication permission."
      ],
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          "title": "Institutional record · digi.vatlib.it",
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://catalogo.beniculturali.it/detail/ScientificOrTechnologicalHeritage/0800688206",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · catalogo.beniculturali.it",
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        "checked": "2026-11-06",
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      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-schall-vatican-1634 Double stellar hemisphere / Planisfero celeste 赤道南北兩總星圖 (Double Stellar Hemisphere); Vatican title: Planisfero celeste Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana BAVOA.233 Johann Adam Schall von Bell Xu Guangqi (徐光啟) Wu Ming-chu (institutional record romanization) Chinese astronomers, unnamed 1634 1634 1634 [catalogued date] Vatican catalogue identifies Schall, Planisfero celeste, 1634, a woodcut on paper mounted on canvas, about 425 × 200 cm. Its digitization is one small 1152 × 916 image, not a high-resolution multi-panel scan. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-schall-bologna-1634",
      "family": "schall",
      "title": "Double stellar hemisphere, northern section",
      "originalTitle": null,
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Johann Adam Schall von Bell",
          "role": "astronomer/cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Xu Guangqi (徐光啟)",
          "role": "project leadership and preface, as institutional descriptions state"
        },
        {
          "name": "Wu Ming-chu (institutional record romanization)",
          "role": "production collaborator, named by Bologna record"
        },
        {
          "name": "Chinese astronomers, unnamed",
          "role": "observations and production"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1634",
        "edition": "1634",
        "copy": "1634 [catalogued date]"
      },
      "type": "map-sheet",
      "recordKind": "fragmentary-copy",
      "unit": "map-sheet",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Only a surviving fragment or an individual sheet of the larger map is inventoried here.",
      "unitGroupId": "schall-double-stellar-hemisphere-1634",
      "workId": "schall-double-stellar-hemisphere-1634",
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": "bologna-mds104",
      "holding": "Museo della Specola, Università di Bologna",
      "shelfmark": "MdS-104; national catalogue 0800688206",
      "recordUrl": "https://catalogo.beniculturali.it/detail/ScientificOrTechnologicalHeritage/0800688206",
      "viewerUrl": "https://catalogo.beniculturali.it/detail/ScientificOrTechnologicalHeritage/0800688206",
      "rights": "National catalogue metadata CC BY 4.0. Image reuse licence is not established here.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "The university-authored national heritage record describes the surviving northern section, observes that a further panel with Xu Guangqi’s presentation had been wrongly joined to a Ricci geographical map, and names Wu Ming-chu. Southern-section survival in Bologna is not established.",
      "accessNote": "catalogue-record",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Institutional web extraction is retained; the direct metadata request returned HTTP 401, which is not evidence that the museum object lacks an image."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isFragmentaryCopyOf",
          "target": "schall-double-stellar-hemisphere-1634",
          "certainty": "documented"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://catalogo.beniculturali.it/detail/ScientificOrTechnologicalHeritage/0800688206",
          "title": "Institutional record · catalogo.beniculturali.it",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-schall-bologna-1634 Double stellar hemisphere, northern section  Museo della Specola, Università di Bologna MdS-104; national catalogue 0800688206 Johann Adam Schall von Bell Xu Guangqi (徐光啟) Wu Ming-chu (institutional record romanization) Chinese astronomers, unnamed 1634 1634 1634 [catalogued date] The university-authored national heritage record describes the surviving northern section, observes that a further panel with Xu Guangqi’s presentation had been wrongly joined to a Ricci geographical map, and names Wu Ming-chu. Southern-section survival in Bologna is not established. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-schall-beijing-imperial-copy",
      "family": "schall",
      "title": "Double stellar hemisphere, imperial copy",
      "originalTitle": null,
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Xu Guangqi",
          "role": "project organizer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Johann Adam Schall von Bell",
          "role": "collaborating astronomer"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1634",
        "edition": "1634",
        "copy": "July 1634 [institutional account]"
      },
      "type": "institutionally-attested-copy",
      "recordKind": "institutionally-attested-copy",
      "unit": "institutionally-attested-copy",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Historical institutional attestation; excluded from confirmed map-unit totals until copy-level identity is verified.",
      "unitGroupId": "other-schall-beijing-imperial-copy",
      "workId": "schall-double-stellar-hemisphere-1634",
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": "beijing-imperial-stellar-hemisphere",
      "holding": "First Historical Archives of China",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://1000prog.fmac.org.mo/pt/article/news/view/2260",
      "viewerUrl": "https://1000prog.fmac.org.mo/pt/article/news/view/2260",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Macao Foundation’s account of the MOWCAP registration identifies the imperial copy held at the First Historical Archives, its July 1634 date, eight vertical sections and Xu Guangqi’s leadership with Schall’s collaboration.",
      "accessNote": "catalogue-record",
      "uncertainties": [
        "This is an institutional registration account, not a copy-level archive catalogue. No shelfmark or image endpoint is asserted."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isCopyOf",
          "target": "schall-double-stellar-hemisphere-1634",
          "certainty": "documented"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://1000prog.fmac.org.mo/pt/article/news/view/2260",
          "title": "Institutional record · 1000prog.fmac.org.mo",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-schall-beijing-imperial-copy Double stellar hemisphere, imperial copy  First Historical Archives of China  Xu Guangqi Johann Adam Schall von Bell 1634 1634 July 1634 [institutional account] Macao Foundation’s account of the MOWCAP registration identifies the imperial copy held at the First Historical Archives, its July 1634 date, eight vertical sections and Xu Guangqi’s leadership with Schall’s collaboration. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-kangxi-bnf-woodcuts",
      "family": "qing",
      "title": "Huang yu quan lan tu",
      "originalTitle": "皇輿全覽圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Kangxi emperor",
          "role": "commissioner"
        },
        {
          "name": "Qing Chinese and Manchu officials and scholars",
          "role": "survey and cartography"
        },
        {
          "name": "Tibetan lamas and officials, including Chu’erqin Zangbu/Lanmu Zhanba and Shengzhu",
          "role": "surveys incorporated in some western sheets"
        },
        {
          "name": "Joachim Bouvet",
          "role": "Jesuit surveyor/cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Jean-Baptiste Régis",
          "role": "Jesuit surveyor/cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Pierre Jartoux",
          "role": "Jesuit surveyor/cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Xavier Ehrenbert Fridelli",
          "role": "Jesuit surveyor/cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Guillaume Bonjour",
          "role": "surveyor/cartographer; not identified here as Jesuit"
        },
        {
          "name": "Matteo Ripa",
          "role": "engraver of the copperplate version; secular priest, not Jesuit"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1708–1722 (survey and revision history in BnF record)",
        "edition": "1719–1722 [collection-level record]; contained woodcuts dated 1721–1722",
        "copy": "1721–1722 [thirteen-sheet group]"
      },
      "type": "printed-map-group",
      "recordKind": "printed-map-group",
      "unit": "printed-map-group",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Container record. Count constituent map units, not this atlas or map group.",
      "unitGroupId": "other-kangxi-bnf-woodcuts",
      "workId": "kangxi-imperial-survey-atlas",
      "editionId": "kangxi-woodcut-1721-1722",
      "copyId": "bnf-ge-cc4461",
      "holding": "Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans",
      "shelfmark": "GE CC-4461 (RES), thirteen regional sheets",
      "recordUrl": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb485596249",
      "viewerUrl": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb485596249",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "BnF describes thirteen original regional woodcuts with manuscript additions and colour. The collection-level record distinguishes woodcuts, the Ripa copperplate version, contemporary manuscripts, later derivatives and Fuchs’s facsimile.",
      "accessNote": "thirteen individual catalogue records and Gallica viewers linked",
      "uncertainties": [
        "The collection-level publication range differs from the narrower date supplied for its surviving woodcuts.",
        "Do not infer that every named contributor surveyed every individual sheet.",
        "The original survey was a Qing imperial enterprise with Chinese, Manchu and Tibetan participants. It is not attributed to Jesuits alone."
      ],
      "relations": [],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb485596249",
          "title": "Institutional record · catalogue.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-kangxi-bnf-woodcuts Huang yu quan lan tu 皇輿全覽圖 Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans GE CC-4461 (RES), thirteen regional sheets Kangxi emperor Qing Chinese and Manchu officials and scholars Tibetan lamas and officials, including Chu’erqin Zangbu/Lanmu Zhanba and Shengzhu Joachim Bouvet Jean-Baptiste Régis Pierre Jartoux Xavier Ehrenbert Fridelli Guillaume Bonjour Matteo Ripa 1708–1722 (survey and revision history in BnF record) 1719–1722 [collection-level record]; contained woodcuts dated 1721–1722 1721–1722 [thirteen-sheet group] BnF describes thirteen original regional woodcuts with manuscript additions and colour. The collection-level record distinguishes woodcuts, the Ripa copperplate version, contemporary manuscripts, later derivatives and Fuchs’s facsimile. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-04",
      "family": "qing",
      "title": "Hei long jiang kou tu / 黑龍江口圖",
      "originalTitle": "Hei long jiang kou tu / 黑龍江口圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Kangxi emperor",
          "role": "commissioner"
        },
        {
          "name": "Qing imperial surveying teams",
          "role": "cartography; see this sheet’s catalogue for named participants"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1708–1722 (survey and revision history in BnF record)",
        "edition": "1721–1722",
        "copy": "1721–1722"
      },
      "type": "book-map-component",
      "recordKind": "book-map-component",
      "unit": "book-map-component",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-04",
      "workId": "kangxi-imperial-survey-atlas",
      "editionId": "kangxi-woodcut-1721-1722",
      "copyId": "bnf-ge-cc4461",
      "holding": "Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans",
      "shelfmark": "GE CC-4461 (4 RES)",
      "recordUrl": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb405959586",
      "viewerUrl": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55000261c",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Individual BnF record identifies this regional sheet, its 1721–1722 woodblock publication, the local shelfmark and its Gallica reproduction. Later manuscript romanization and colour are copy features.",
      "accessNote": "Gallica reproduction linked by holding catalogue; IIIF not established after sample HTTP 403",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Collection-level contributor names should not be mechanically assigned as individual authors of this sheet.",
        "Dates refer to the woodcut impression; romanized annotations and colour may be later."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isComponentOf",
          "target": "other-kangxi-bnf-woodcuts",
          "certainty": "documented"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb405959586",
          "title": "Institutional record · catalogue.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55000261c",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · gallica.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb485596249",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · catalogue.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55000261c/f1.thumbnail.highres",
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-04 Hei long jiang kou tu / 黑龍江口圖 Hei long jiang kou tu / 黑龍江口圖 Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans GE CC-4461 (4 RES) Kangxi emperor Qing imperial surveying teams 1708–1722 (survey and revision history in BnF record) 1721–1722 1721–1722 Individual BnF record identifies this regional sheet, its 1721–1722 woodblock publication, the local shelfmark and its Gallica reproduction. Later manuscript romanization and colour are copy features. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-05",
      "family": "qing",
      "title": "Hei long jiang zhong tu / 黑龍江中圖",
      "originalTitle": "Hei long jiang zhong tu / 黑龍江中圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Kangxi emperor",
          "role": "commissioner"
        },
        {
          "name": "Qing imperial surveying teams",
          "role": "cartography; see this sheet’s catalogue for named participants"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1708–1722 (survey and revision history in BnF record)",
        "edition": "1721–1722",
        "copy": "1721–1722"
      },
      "type": "book-map-component",
      "recordKind": "book-map-component",
      "unit": "book-map-component",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-05",
      "workId": "kangxi-imperial-survey-atlas",
      "editionId": "kangxi-woodcut-1721-1722",
      "copyId": "bnf-ge-cc4461",
      "holding": "Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans",
      "shelfmark": "GE CC-4461 (5 RES)",
      "recordUrl": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40595959j",
      "viewerUrl": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55000023v",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Individual BnF record identifies this regional sheet, its 1721–1722 woodblock publication, the local shelfmark and its Gallica reproduction. Later manuscript romanization and colour are copy features.",
      "accessNote": "Gallica reproduction linked by holding catalogue; IIIF not established after sample HTTP 403",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Collection-level contributor names should not be mechanically assigned as individual authors of this sheet.",
        "Dates refer to the woodcut impression; romanized annotations and colour may be later."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isComponentOf",
          "target": "other-kangxi-bnf-woodcuts",
          "certainty": "documented"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40595959j",
          "title": "Institutional record · catalogue.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55000023v",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · gallica.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb485596249",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · catalogue.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55000023v/f1.thumbnail.highres",
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-05 Hei long jiang zhong tu / 黑龍江中圖 Hei long jiang zhong tu / 黑龍江中圖 Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans GE CC-4461 (5 RES) Kangxi emperor Qing imperial surveying teams 1708–1722 (survey and revision history in BnF record) 1721–1722 1721–1722 Individual BnF record identifies this regional sheet, its 1721–1722 woodblock publication, the local shelfmark and its Gallica reproduction. Later manuscript romanization and colour are copy features. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-06",
      "family": "qing",
      "title": "Hei long jiang yuan tu / 黑龍江源圖",
      "originalTitle": "Hei long jiang yuan tu / 黑龍江源圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Kangxi emperor",
          "role": "commissioner"
        },
        {
          "name": "Qing imperial surveying teams",
          "role": "cartography; see this sheet’s catalogue for named participants"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1708–1722 (survey and revision history in BnF record)",
        "edition": "1721–1722",
        "copy": "1721–1722"
      },
      "type": "book-map-component",
      "recordKind": "book-map-component",
      "unit": "book-map-component",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-06",
      "workId": "kangxi-imperial-survey-atlas",
      "editionId": "kangxi-woodcut-1721-1722",
      "copyId": "bnf-ge-cc4461",
      "holding": "Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans",
      "shelfmark": "GE CC-4461 (6 RES)",
      "recordUrl": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40595960r",
      "viewerUrl": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b550002850",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Individual BnF record identifies this regional sheet, its 1721–1722 woodblock publication, the local shelfmark and its Gallica reproduction. Later manuscript romanization and colour are copy features.",
      "accessNote": "Gallica reproduction linked by holding catalogue; IIIF not established after sample HTTP 403",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Collection-level contributor names should not be mechanically assigned as individual authors of this sheet.",
        "Dates refer to the woodcut impression; romanized annotations and colour may be later."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isComponentOf",
          "target": "other-kangxi-bnf-woodcuts",
          "certainty": "documented"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40595960r",
          "title": "Institutional record · catalogue.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b550002850",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · gallica.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb485596249",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · catalogue.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b550002850/f1.thumbnail.highres",
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-06 Hei long jiang yuan tu / 黑龍江源圖 Hei long jiang yuan tu / 黑龍江源圖 Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans GE CC-4461 (6 RES) Kangxi emperor Qing imperial surveying teams 1708–1722 (survey and revision history in BnF record) 1721–1722 1721–1722 Individual BnF record identifies this regional sheet, its 1721–1722 woodblock publication, the local shelfmark and its Gallica reproduction. Later manuscript romanization and colour are copy features. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-12",
      "family": "qing",
      "title": "Ya lu zang bu jiang tu / 牙魯藏布江圖",
      "originalTitle": "Ya lu zang bu jiang tu / 牙魯藏布江圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Kangxi emperor",
          "role": "commissioner"
        },
        {
          "name": "Qing imperial surveying teams",
          "role": "cartography; see this sheet’s catalogue for named participants"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1708–1722 (survey and revision history in BnF record)",
        "edition": "1721–1722",
        "copy": "1721–1722"
      },
      "type": "book-map-component",
      "recordKind": "book-map-component",
      "unit": "book-map-component",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-12",
      "workId": "kangxi-imperial-survey-atlas",
      "editionId": "kangxi-woodcut-1721-1722",
      "copyId": "bnf-ge-cc4461",
      "holding": "Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans",
      "shelfmark": "GE CC-4461 (12 RES)",
      "recordUrl": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40601445t",
      "viewerUrl": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55000015b",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Individual BnF record identifies this regional sheet, its 1721–1722 woodblock publication, the local shelfmark and its Gallica reproduction. Later manuscript romanization and colour are copy features.",
      "accessNote": "Gallica reproduction linked by holding catalogue; IIIF not established after sample HTTP 403",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Collection-level contributor names should not be mechanically assigned as individual authors of this sheet.",
        "Dates refer to the woodcut impression; romanized annotations and colour may be later."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isComponentOf",
          "target": "other-kangxi-bnf-woodcuts",
          "certainty": "documented"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40601445t",
          "title": "Institutional record · catalogue.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55000015b",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · gallica.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb485596249",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · catalogue.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55000015b/f1.thumbnail.highres",
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-12 Ya lu zang bu jiang tu / 牙魯藏布江圖 Ya lu zang bu jiang tu / 牙魯藏布江圖 Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans GE CC-4461 (12 RES) Kangxi emperor Qing imperial surveying teams 1708–1722 (survey and revision history in BnF record) 1721–1722 1721–1722 Individual BnF record identifies this regional sheet, its 1721–1722 woodblock publication, the local shelfmark and its Gallica reproduction. Later manuscript romanization and colour are copy features. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-02",
      "family": "qing",
      "title": "He tao tu / 河套圖",
      "originalTitle": "He tao tu / 河套圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Kangxi emperor",
          "role": "commissioner"
        },
        {
          "name": "Qing imperial surveying teams",
          "role": "cartography; see this sheet’s catalogue for named participants"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1708–1722 (survey and revision history in BnF record)",
        "edition": "1721–1722",
        "copy": "1721–1722"
      },
      "type": "book-map-component",
      "recordKind": "book-map-component",
      "unit": "book-map-component",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-02",
      "workId": "kangxi-imperial-survey-atlas",
      "editionId": "kangxi-woodcut-1721-1722",
      "copyId": "bnf-ge-cc4461",
      "holding": "Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans",
      "shelfmark": "GE CC-4461 (2 RES)",
      "recordUrl": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40640702z",
      "viewerUrl": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b550002583",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Individual BnF record identifies this regional sheet, its 1721–1722 woodblock publication, the local shelfmark and its Gallica reproduction. Later manuscript romanization and colour are copy features.",
      "accessNote": "Gallica reproduction linked by holding catalogue; IIIF not established after sample HTTP 403",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Collection-level contributor names should not be mechanically assigned as individual authors of this sheet.",
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      "holding": "Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans",
      "shelfmark": "GE CC-4461 (1 RES)",
      "recordUrl": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb406662520",
      "viewerUrl": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55000336r",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Individual BnF record identifies this regional sheet, its 1721–1722 woodblock publication, the local shelfmark and its Gallica reproduction. Later manuscript romanization and colour are copy features. Its catalogue specifically describes Chinese/Manchu official expeditions in 1704 and later Tibetan-lama and official surveys in 1714–1717.",
      "accessNote": "Gallica reproduction linked by holding catalogue; IIIF not established after sample HTTP 403",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Collection-level contributor names should not be mechanically assigned as individual authors of this sheet.",
        "Dates refer to the woodcut impression; romanized annotations and colour may be later."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isComponentOf",
          "target": "other-kangxi-bnf-woodcuts",
          "certainty": "documented"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb406662520",
          "title": "Institutional record · catalogue.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55000336r",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · gallica.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb485596249",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · catalogue.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55000336r/f1.thumbnail.highres",
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-01 He yuan tu / 河源圖 He yuan tu / 河源圖 Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans GE CC-4461 (1 RES) Kangxi emperor Nala Shulan Tubote Laxi Chu’erqin Zangbu / Lanmu Zhanba Shengzhu 1708–1722 (survey and revision history in BnF record) 1721–1722 1721–1722 Individual BnF record identifies this regional sheet, its 1721–1722 woodblock publication, the local shelfmark and its Gallica reproduction. Later manuscript romanization and colour are copy features. Its catalogue specifically describes Chinese/Manchu official expeditions in 1704 and later Tibetan-lama and official surveys in 1714–1717. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-09",
      "family": "qing",
      "title": "Ha mi ga si tu / 哈密噶思圖",
      "originalTitle": "Ha mi ga si tu / 哈密噶思圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Kangxi emperor",
          "role": "commissioner"
        },
        {
          "name": "Qing imperial surveying teams",
          "role": "cartography; see this sheet’s catalogue for named participants"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1708–1722 (survey and revision history in BnF record)",
        "edition": "1721–1722",
        "copy": "1721–1722"
      },
      "type": "book-map-component",
      "recordKind": "book-map-component",
      "unit": "book-map-component",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-09",
      "workId": "kangxi-imperial-survey-atlas",
      "editionId": "kangxi-woodcut-1721-1722",
      "copyId": "bnf-ge-cc4461",
      "holding": "Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans",
      "shelfmark": "GE CC-4461 (9 RES)",
      "recordUrl": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41422864n",
      "viewerUrl": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b550001610",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Individual BnF record identifies this regional sheet, its 1721–1722 woodblock publication, the local shelfmark and its Gallica reproduction. Later manuscript romanization and colour are copy features.",
      "accessNote": "Gallica reproduction linked by holding catalogue; IIIF not established after sample HTTP 403",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Collection-level contributor names should not be mechanically assigned as individual authors of this sheet.",
        "Dates refer to the woodcut impression; romanized annotations and colour may be later."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isComponentOf",
          "target": "other-kangxi-bnf-woodcuts",
          "certainty": "documented"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41422864n",
          "title": "Institutional record · catalogue.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b550001610",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · gallica.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb485596249",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · catalogue.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
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      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": "https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b550001610/f1.thumbnail.highres",
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-kangxi-bnf-sheet-09 Ha mi ga si tu / 哈密噶思圖 Ha mi ga si tu / 哈密噶思圖 Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et plans GE CC-4461 (9 RES) Kangxi emperor Qing imperial surveying teams 1708–1722 (survey and revision history in BnF record) 1721–1722 1721–1722 Individual BnF record identifies this regional sheet, its 1721–1722 woodblock publication, the local shelfmark and its Gallica reproduction. Later manuscript romanization and colour are copy features. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-kangxi-loc-fuchs-1941",
      "family": "qing",
      "title": "Der Jesuiten-Atlas der Kanghsi-Zeit: China und die Aussenlaender",
      "originalTitle": "Der Jesuiten-Atlas der Kanghsi-Zeit: China und die Aussenlaender",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Walter Fuchs",
          "role": "facsimile editor/publisher"
        },
        {
          "name": "Qing survey teams with Jean-Baptiste Régis and Pierre Jartoux",
          "role": "creators of reproduced historical cartography"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1708–1718 (reproduced maps)",
        "edition": "1941 (facsimile publication)",
        "copy": "1941"
      },
      "type": "modern-facsimile-copy",
      "recordKind": "modern-facsimile-copy",
      "unit": "modern-facsimile-copy",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Container record. Count constituent map units, not this atlas or map group.",
      "unitGroupId": "other-kangxi-loc-fuchs-1941",
      "workId": "kangxi-imperial-survey-atlas",
      "editionId": "kangxi-fuchs-facsimile-1941",
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      "holding": "Library of Congress",
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      "recordUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/item/74650033/",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/resource/g7820m.gct00265/",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "The indexed LOC record identifies the Peking 1941 publication as facsimiles reproduced from the 1721 woodcut edition. The accompanying historical text/index was published separately in 1943.",
      "accessNote": "LOC image resource indexed; direct metadata fetch returned HTTP 403",
      "uncertainties": [
        "1941 is the facsimile date, not the date of the original field surveys.",
        "The 1943 accompanying text must not be used to redate every map sheet to 1943."
      ],
      "relations": [
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          "type": "facsimileOf",
          "target": "kangxi-imperial-survey-atlas",
          "certainty": "documented",
          "label": "Reproduces the 1721 woodcut edition"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
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          "url": "https://www.loc.gov/item/74650033/",
          "title": "Institutional record · www.loc.gov",
          "locator": null
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        {
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          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · www.loc.gov",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://digitalatlas.ascdc.sinica.edu.tw/map_detail.jsp?id=A103000041",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · digitalatlas.ascdc.sinica.edu.tw",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-kangxi-loc-fuchs-1941 Der Jesuiten-Atlas der Kanghsi-Zeit: China und die Aussenlaender Der Jesuiten-Atlas der Kanghsi-Zeit: China und die Aussenlaender Library of Congress  Walter Fuchs Qing survey teams with Jean-Baptiste Régis and Pierre Jartoux 1708–1718 (reproduced maps) 1941 (facsimile publication) 1941 The indexed LOC record identifies the Peking 1941 publication as facsimiles reproduced from the 1721 woodcut edition. The accompanying historical text/index was published separately in 1943. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-kangxi-loc-provincial-derivative",
      "family": "qing",
      "title": "Huang yu quan lan fen sheng tu",
      "originalTitle": "皇輿全覽分省圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Anonymous",
          "role": "manuscript copyist/cartographer"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "Kangxi map family; later additions require separate dating",
        "edition": null,
        "copy": "not established from captured primary copy record"
      },
      "type": "manuscript-derivative-copy",
      "recordKind": "manuscript-derivative-copy",
      "unit": "manuscript-derivative-copy",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Container record. Count constituent map units, not this atlas or map group.",
      "unitGroupId": "other-kangxi-loc-provincial-derivative",
      "workId": "kangxi-provincial-derivative",
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": "loc-2002626779",
      "holding": "Library of Congress",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/item/2002626779/",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/item/2002626779/",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "BnF distinguishes the LOC object as a derived or revised version. Academia Sinica’s institutional catalogue describes fifteen manuscript sheets and notes later administrative annotations on the Fujian/Taiwan sheet.",
      "accessNote": "catalogue-record",
      "uncertainties": [
        "No single exact copy date is asserted here. The institutional descriptions and later annotations need reconciliation.",
        "Anonymous derivative is not attributed directly to the Jesuit field surveyors."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "derivedFrom",
          "target": "kangxi-imperial-survey-atlas",
          "certainty": "documented",
          "label": "Derivative, not an original printed set",
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        }
      ],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.loc.gov/item/2002626779/",
          "title": "Institutional record · www.loc.gov",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://digitalatlas.asdc.sinica.edu.tw/digitalatlasen/map_detail.jsp?id=A103000042",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · digitalatlas.asdc.sinica.edu.tw",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb485596249",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · catalogue.bnf.fr",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": null,
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-kangxi-loc-provincial-derivative Huang yu quan lan fen sheng tu 皇輿全覽分省圖 Library of Congress  Anonymous Kangxi map family; later additions require separate dating  not established from captured primary copy record BnF distinguishes the LOC object as a derived or revised version. Academia Sinica’s institutional catalogue describes fifteen manuscript sheets and notes later administrative annotations on the Fujian/Taiwan sheet. "
    },
    {
      "id": "other-danville-gottingen-1737",
      "family": "qing",
      "title": "Nouvel atlas de la Chine, de la Tartarie chinoise et du Thibet",
      "originalTitle": "Nouvel atlas de la Chine, de la Tartarie chinoise et du Thibet",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Jean-Baptiste Bourguignon d’Anville",
          "role": "cartographer/editor, not Jesuit"
        },
        {
          "name": "Henri Scheurleer",
          "role": "publisher"
        },
        {
          "name": "Qing surveying teams, including Jesuit missionaries",
          "role": "cartographic sources"
        },
        {
          "name": "Jean-Baptiste Du Halde",
          "role": "author of related Description de la Chine, not automatically map engraver"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1737 (atlas publication; incorporates earlier survey maps)",
        "edition": "1737",
        "copy": "1737 [catalogued publication]"
      },
      "type": "atlas-copy",
      "recordKind": "atlas-copy",
      "unit": "atlas-copy",
      "countable": false,
      "countExclusionReason": "Container record. Count constituent map units, not this atlas or map group.",
      "unitGroupId": "other-danville-gottingen-1737",
      "workId": "danville-nouvel-atlas-chine",
      "editionId": "danville-scheurleer-1737",
      "copyId": "gottingen-ppn340023538",
      "holding": "Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN340023538",
      "viewerUrl": "https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN340023538",
      "rights": "Institutional manifest gives SUB Göttingen attribution but no object-specific reuse licence. Historical printed work is public domain; digital-image terms were not established here.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "The institutional manifest records d’Anville, La Haye, Scheurleer, 1737 and French. Its structure has forty-two map ranges with exact canvas and image-service IDs, plus front matter. The contemporary atlas title credits Jesuit and Tartar mathematical-official surveys.",
      "accessNote": "full IIIF manifest HTTP 200; forty-two map components extracted",
      "uncertainties": [
        "The captured manifest and METS do not supply a physical shelfmark. PPN340023538 is retained as the digital identifier, not relabelled as a shelfmark.",
        "Several source-supplied long map titles are truncated by the repository. Their wording is not silently completed."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "derivedFrom",
          "target": "kangxi-imperial-survey-atlas",
          "certainty": "documented",
          "label": "European editorial reworking, not a Chinese original"
        },
        {
          "type": "associatedWith",
          "target": "du-halde-description-chine",
          "certainty": "documented",
          "label": "Companion to the expanded Hague edition"
        }
      ],
      "sources": [
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          "url": "https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN340023538",
          "title": "Institutional record · gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?PPN340023538",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de",
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          "url": "https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/mets/PPN340023538.mets.xml",
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          "url": "https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40682265s",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · catalogue.bnf.fr",
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        }
      ],
      "manifests": [
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      "cross": null,
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        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
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      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "other-danville-gottingen-1737 Nouvel atlas de la Chine, de la Tartarie chinoise et du Thibet Nouvel atlas de la Chine, de la Tartarie chinoise et du Thibet Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen  Jean-Baptiste Bourguignon d’Anville Henri Scheurleer Qing surveying teams, including Jesuit missionaries Jean-Baptiste Du Halde 1737 (atlas publication; incorporates earlier survey maps) 1737 1737 [catalogued publication] The institutional manifest records d’Anville, La Haye, Scheurleer, 1737 and French. Its structure has forty-two map ranges with exact canvas and image-service IDs, plus front matter. The contemporary atlas title credits Jesuit and Tartar mathematical-official surveys. ",
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      "family": "qing",
      "title": "CARTE LA PLUS GENERALE ET QUI COMPREND LA CHINE, LA TARTARIE CHINOISE, ET LE THIBET : QUI Y A JOINT LE PAYS COMPRIS ENTRE KASHGAR ET LA MER CASPIENNE tiré des Geographes et des Historiens Orientaux / DRESSEE SU",
      "originalTitle": "CARTE LA PLUS GENERALE ET QUI COMPREND LA CHINE, LA TARTARIE CHINOISE, ET LE THIBET : QUI Y A JOINT LE PAYS COMPRIS ENTRE KASHGAR ET LA MER CASPIENNE tiré des Geographes et des Historiens Orientaux / DRESSEE SU",
      "creators": [
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          "role": "cartographer/editor, not Jesuit"
        },
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          "role": "publisher"
        },
        {
          "name": "Qing surveying teams, including Jesuit missionaries",
          "role": "cartographic sources"
        },
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          "name": "Jean-Baptiste Du Halde",
          "role": "author of related Description de la Chine, not automatically map engraver"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1737 (atlas publication; incorporates earlier survey maps)",
        "edition": "1737",
        "copy": "1737 [catalogued publication]"
      },
      "type": "book-map-component",
      "recordKind": "book-map-component",
      "unit": "book-map-component",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": "other-danville-gottingen-map-01",
      "workId": "danville-nouvel-atlas-chine",
      "editionId": "danville-scheurleer-1737",
      "copyId": "gottingen-ppn340023538",
      "holding": "Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN340023538",
      "viewerUrl": "https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN340023538",
      "rights": "Institutional manifest gives SUB Göttingen attribution but no object-specific reuse licence. Historical printed work is public domain; digital-image terms were not established here.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "The holding institution’s manifest range LOG_0009 assigns this map label to this exact canvas and image service. This is a component of its 1737 copy, not an additional atlas edition.",
      "accessNote": "IIIF service and sample JPEG HTTP 200",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Source label is retained, including any truncation.",
        "No assumption that every source surveyor engraved or edited this European map."
      ],
      "relations": [
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          "type": "isComponentOf",
          "target": "other-danville-gottingen-1737",
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          "title": "Institutional record · gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de",
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          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de",
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          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de",
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          "locator": null
        }
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          "width": null,
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          "verification": {
            "checked": "2026-11-06T02:23:48+00:00",
            "service": "https://images.p.sub.uni-goettingen.de/iiif/image/gdz:PPN340023538:00000014",
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        "edition": "ca. 1700 [institutional date]",
        "copy": "ca. 1700"
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      "type": "map-copy-or-later-impression",
      "recordKind": "map-copy-or-later-impression",
      "unit": "map-copy-or-later-impression",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": "other-kircher-delaware-imperium-ca1700",
      "workId": "kircher-imperium-sinicum",
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      "copyId": "delaware-04077-mc2",
      "holding": "University of Delaware, Special Collections",
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      "viewerUrl": "https://exhibitions.lib.udel.edu/multiple-middles/exhibition-item/05-imperium-sinicum/",
      "rights": "No object-specific reuse licence established in captured evidence.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "The holding library identifies a separately held, hand-coloured engraving, ca. 1700, 40.6 × 58.3 cm. It explains Kircher’s use of missionary reports including Martini. This object is not dated 1667 merely because its map family is associated with China illustrata.",
      "accessNote": "catalogue-record",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Exact state, imprint history and relation to the 1667 book-map plate require copy-level comparison.",
        "No separate high-resolution image or IIIF endpoint was established."
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      "relations": [
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          "type": "usesCartographicInformationFrom",
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        {
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      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
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      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "other-jesuits",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
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      "searchText": "other-kircher-delaware-imperium-ca1700 Imperium Sinicum Imperium Sinicum University of Delaware, Special Collections 04077 mc2 Athanasius Kircher Martino Martini  ca. 1700 [institutional date] ca. 1700 The holding library identifies a separately held, hand-coloured engraving, ca. 1700, 40.6 × 58.3 cm. It explains Kircher’s use of missionary reports including Martini. This object is not dated 1667 merely because its map family is associated with China illustrata. "
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            "note": "No direct copying relationship between these specific surviving objects is asserted. Contextual record; excluded from the active map count.",
            "related_id": "",
            "url": "",
            "locator": "",
            "grade": "group membership only",
            "direction": "undetermined"
          },
          {
            "label": "Carte générale de la Chine, Scheurleer edition",
            "type": "contextual related group",
            "note": "No direct copying relationship between these specific surviving objects is asserted.",
            "related_id": "EA-016",
            "url": "https://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~327599~90096146:Carte-generale-de-la-Chine",
            "locator": "",
            "grade": "group membership only",
            "direction": "undetermined"
          },
          {
            "label": "Carte générale du Thibet, Scheurleer edition",
            "type": "contextual related group",
            "note": "No direct copying relationship between these specific surviving objects is asserted.",
            "related_id": "EA-017",
            "url": "https://collections.nmth.gov.tw/CollectionContent.aspx?a=132&rno=2003.014.0089.0032",
            "locator": "",
            "grade": "group membership only",
            "direction": "undetermined"
          }
        ],
        "reviewDate": "2026-10-05",
        "image": {
          "path": "EA-018.jpg",
          "source": "https://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~327598~90096144:Carte-la-plus-generale-et-qui-compr",
          "rights": "Reduced thumbnail shown for identification and scholarly commentary; rights remain with the holding institution. Follow the source link for the original and its reuse terms.",
          "originalImage": "https://www.davidrumsey.com/static/jp2k/185/13322010.jp2",
          "caption": "D’Anville, Carte la plus générale, dated 1734 in the 1737 Scheurleer atlas; David Rumsey Map Collection 13322.010."
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      },
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "CROSS v4",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
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      "imageAccess": "image",
      "searchText": "cross-ea-018 Carte la plus générale qui comprend la Chine, la Tartarie chinoise et le Thibet, Scheurleer edition  David Rumsey Map Collection, 13322.010  Jean-Baptiste Bourguignon d’Anville; Henri Scheurleer   1734 design; 1737 printing The 1737 printing follows the earlier design. Arabic-derived Zaysan data are not established on this map. EA-018"
    },
    {
      "id": "cross-ea-020",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Bankoku sōkaizu, 1708 edition",
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        {
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          "role": "attribution in CROSS v4"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
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        "copy": "1708"
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      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
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      "holding": "University of British Columbia, Rare Books and Special Collections; 1708 print",
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      "recordUrl": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:General_map_of_all_nations_%2814213118469%29.jpg",
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      "rights": "Public domain per Commons record.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "This map is a later Japanese relay of an already mediated world-map design. A direct Linschoten source is not established.",
      "accessNote": "Complete exact UBC map on Commons, from the UBC Digitization Centre upload.",
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      "relations": [],
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        {
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        },
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          "locator": "pp. 407–409; n. 243",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-020",
          "title": "Morar, Mapping Encounters: Preliminary Census of Cross-Cultural Maps. CROSS v4, 11 October 2026.",
          "locator": "EA-020"
        }
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        "operations": [
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          "transliteration"
        ],
        "grade": "derived",
        "claim": "The Ricci-derived Bankoku sōzu world layout is recut with Japanese labels and imagery.",
        "languages": "Japanese",
        "familyNote": "Related records identify context unless an explicit directional reproduction, localization or transformation link is supplied. Each eligible record counts only its anchored map.",
        "familyLinks": [],
        "reviewDate": "2026-10-05",
        "image": {
          "path": "EA-020.jpg",
          "source": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:General_map_of_all_nations_%2814213118469%29.jpg",
          "rights": "Public domain per Commons record.",
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        "sourceInventory": "CROSS v4",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "image",
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    },
    {
      "id": "cross-ea-030",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Bankoku sōzu, 1671 printed map",
      "originalTitle": null,
      "creators": [
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          "name": "Hayashi Jizaemon, publisher; anonymous map compiler",
          "role": "attribution in CROSS v4"
        }
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        "edition": null,
        "copy": "1671"
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      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
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      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Cod.jap. 4, map opening",
      "shelfmark": null,
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      "viewerUrl": "https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/view/bsb00064977?page=4,5",
      "rights": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 per cited reproduction.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "This entry identifies the digitized 1671 witness. The 1645 edition and other copies remain family context unless separately assessed.",
      "accessNote": "Complete exact BSB map in Papelitzky figure 2 and the BSB viewer.",
      "uncertainties": [],
      "relations": [],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/view/bsb00064977?page=4,5",
          "title": "Institutional record · www.digitale-sammlungen.de",
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          "url": "https://crossroads-research.net/barbarians-microsite/",
          "title": "Elke Papelitzky, “Old and New Views on the ‘Barbarians’: The 1612 Fangyu shenglüe.”",
          "locator": "fig. 2; introduction",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://press.uchicago.edu/sites/hoc/HOC_V2_B2/HOC_VOLUME2_Book2_chapter11.pdf",
          "title": "Unno Kazutaka, “Cartography in Japan,” in J. B. Harley and David Woodward, eds., The History of Cartography, vol. 2, book 2 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994), 346–477.",
          "locator": "pp. 405–407; fig. 11.39; nn. 238–239",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-030",
          "title": "Morar, Mapping Encounters: Preliminary Census of Cross-Cultural Maps. CROSS v4, 11 October 2026.",
          "locator": "EA-030"
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
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        "grade": "documented",
        "claim": "Chinese Ricci-derived continental outlines are recast in a Japanese map with Japanese labels and a peoples panel.",
        "languages": "Japanese and Chinese characters",
        "familyNote": "Related records identify context unless an explicit directional reproduction, localization or transformation link is supplied. Each eligible record counts only its anchored map.",
        "familyLinks": [
          {
            "label": "Shanhai yudi quantu / Wudazhou quantu, paired hemispheres in Fangyu shenglüe 方輿勝略",
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          "originalImage": "https://crossroads-research.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/02-Bankoku-sozu-1671-BSB-1024x750.jpeg",
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        "sourceInventory": "CROSS v4",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "image",
      "searchText": "cross-ea-030 Bankoku sōzu, 1671 printed map  Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Cod.jap. 4, map opening  Hayashi Jizaemon, publisher; anonymous map compiler   1671 This entry identifies the digitized 1671 witness. The 1645 edition and other copies remain family context unless separately assessed. EA-030",
      "cachedThumbnail": "media/67abd41ae3c6ff8dbe91-thumb.webp"
    },
    {
      "id": "cross-ea-033",
      "family": "aleni",
      "title": "Tianxia jiubian fenye renji lucheng quantu 天下九邊分野人跡路程全圖, British Library print",
      "originalTitle": null,
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Cao Junyi 曹君義",
          "role": "attribution in CROSS v4"
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      "dates": {
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      "type": "physical-copy",
      "recordKind": null,
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      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "British Library, London; identified 1644 print reproduced by Cams, fig. 6",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.leventhalmap.org/projects/copying-maps-east-asia-map-chat/",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.leventhalmap.org/projects/copying-maps-east-asia-map-chat/",
      "rights": "Reduced thumbnail shown for identification and scholarly commentary; rights remain with the holding institution. Follow the source link for the original and its reuse terms.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Assemblage joins a Chinese administrative map to continents and names taken from Aleni and Yang’s Chinese world map.",
      "accessNote": "Complete exact British Library map, figure 6.",
      "uncertainties": [],
      "relations": [],
      "sources": [
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          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.leventhalmap.org/projects/copying-maps-east-asia-map-chat/",
          "title": "Mario Cams, “Copying Maps in Early Modern East Asia,” Leventhal Map & Education Center, scholarly interactive companion to “Circling the Square: Encompassing Global Geography on Large Commercial Maps,” in Remapping the World in East Asia (University of Hawai‘i Press, 2024), 124–155.",
          "locator": "figs. 5–7; section tracing Cao’s two cartographic sources",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-033",
          "title": "Morar, Mapping Encounters: Preliminary Census of Cross-Cultural Maps. CROSS v4, 11 October 2026.",
          "locator": "EA-033"
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      "manifests": [],
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          "label": "Cao Junyi’s 1644 world map, British Library copy.",
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        "grade": "documented",
        "claim": "Assemblage joins a Chinese administrative map to continents and names taken from Aleni and Yang’s Chinese world map.",
        "languages": "Chinese",
        "familyNote": "Cams documents Cao → Wang → Umemura. These are edition relationships, not claims that a particular surviving sheet was physically copied.",
        "familyLinks": [
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        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
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      "imageAccess": "image",
      "searchText": "cross-ea-033 Tianxia jiubian fenye renji lucheng quantu 天下九邊分野人跡路程全圖, British Library print  British Library, London; identified 1644 print reproduced by Cams, fig. 6  Cao Junyi 曹君義   1644 Assemblage joins a Chinese administrative map to continents and names taken from Aleni and Yang’s Chinese world map. EA-033"
    },
    {
      "id": "cross-ea-035",
      "family": "aleni",
      "title": "Dai Min kyūhen bankoku jinseki rotei enzu 大明九邊分野人跡路程全圖, MacLean MC 26634",
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      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": null,
        "edition": null,
        "copy": "c. 1705; publication bracket 1699–1706"
      },
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      "countable": true,
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      "unitGroupId": null,
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      "holding": "MacLean Collection, MC 26634; 121 × 121.5 cm",
      "shelfmark": null,
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      "viewerUrl": "https://www.leventhalmap.org/projects/copying-maps-east-asia-map-chat/",
      "rights": "Reduced thumbnail shown for identification and scholarly commentary; rights remain with the holding institution. Follow the source link for the original and its reuse terms.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Two printed sheets assembled as one map. Date is bracketed from publisher catalogues, not an inscribed year.",
      "accessNote": "Complete exact MC 26634 map, figure 1.",
      "uncertainties": [],
      "relations": [],
      "sources": [
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          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.leventhalmap.org/projects/copying-maps-east-asia-map-chat/",
          "title": "Mario Cams, “Copying Maps in Early Modern East Asia,” Leventhal Map & Education Center, scholarly interactive companion to “Circling the Square: Encompassing Global Geography on Large Commercial Maps,” in Remapping the World in East Asia (University of Hawai‘i Press, 2024), 124–155.",
          "locator": "figs. 1–5; title, signature, imprint and format discussion",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-035",
          "title": "Morar, Mapping Encounters: Preliminary Census of Cross-Cultural Maps. CROSS v4, 11 October 2026.",
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      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [
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          "label": "Umemura Yahaku’s Japanese edition, c. 1705, MacLean Collection MC 26634.",
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          "thumbnail": "https://www.leventhalmap.org/projects/copying-maps-east-asia-map-chat/img/maclean_map_full.png",
          "service": null,
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            "attempts": [
              {
                "url": "https://www.leventhalmap.org/projects/copying-maps-east-asia-map-chat/img/maclean_map_full.png",
                "status": null,
                "error": "<urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1082)>"
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      ],
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        "id": "EA-035",
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        "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-035",
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        "grade": "documented",
        "claim": "The Japanese edition changes the universal title to Great Ming, adds a Kyoto imprint and recasts the Chinese wall map as a folding map.",
        "languages": "Chinese map text, Japanese publication context",
        "familyNote": "The Chinese-to-Japanese transfer is documented at edition level; retained Chinese text is not evidence of a wholly Japanese-language translation.",
        "familyLinks": [
          {
            "label": "Tianxia jiubian wanguo renji lucheng quantu 天下九邊萬國人跡路程全圖, Harvard T_3080_4643",
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            "note": "Japanese edition reproduces Wang’s Chinese print, changes the title and adds publisher information. Contextual record; excluded from the active map count.",
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            "direction": "source-to-this-map"
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        ],
        "reviewDate": "2026-10-05",
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          "rights": "Reduced thumbnail shown for identification and scholarly commentary; rights remain with the holding institution. Follow the source link for the original and its reuse terms.",
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          "caption": "Umemura Yahaku’s Japanese edition, c. 1705, MacLean Collection MC 26634."
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      },
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        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
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      "imageAccess": "image",
      "searchText": "cross-ea-035 Dai Min kyūhen bankoku jinseki rotei enzu 大明九邊分野人跡路程全圖, MacLean MC 26634  MacLean Collection, MC 26634; 121 × 121.5 cm  Umemura Yahaku 梅村弥白, publisher   c. 1705; publication bracket 1699–1706 Two printed sheets assembled as one map. Date is bracketed from publisher catalogues, not an inscribed year. EA-035"
    },
    {
      "id": "cross-ea-037",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Yudi shanhai quantu 輿地山海全圖 in Tushubian 圖書編, 1613 Harvard copy",
      "originalTitle": null,
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Zhang Huang 章潢, compiler; after Matteo Ricci",
          "role": "attribution in CROSS v4"
        }
      ],
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        "copy": "1613"
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      "countExclusionReason": null,
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      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "Harvard-Yenching Library, Tushubian, juan 29, fols. 33b–34a; copy reproduced in Morar fig. 1.2",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://scholars.cityu.edu.hk/ws/portalfiles/portal/88066180/36589847.pdf",
      "viewerUrl": "https://scholars.cityu.edu.hk/ws/portalfiles/portal/88066180/36589847.pdf",
      "rights": null,
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "A surviving 1613 book map, not the lost 1584 sheet. Omission is documented in the image; reconstruction of the lost prototype is a scholarly attribution.",
      "accessNote": "The linked scholarly source reproduces the complete exact map on p. 24.",
      "uncertainties": [],
      "relations": [],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://scholars.cityu.edu.hk/ws/portalfiles/portal/88066180/36589847.pdf",
          "title": "Institutional record · scholars.cityu.edu.hk",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://scholars.cityu.edu.hk/ws/portalfiles/portal/88066180/36589847.pdf",
          "title": "Florin-Stefan Morar, “The Westerner: Matteo Ricci’s World Map and the Quandaries of European Identity in the Late Ming Dynasty,” Journal of Jesuit Studies 6, no. 1 (2019): 14–30.",
          "locator": "p. 24, fig. 1.2",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://press.uchicago.edu/books/HOC/HOC_V2_B2/HOC_VOLUME2_Book2_chapter7.pdf",
          "title": "Cordell D. K. Yee, “Traditional Chinese Cartography and the Myth of Westernization,” The History of Cartography 2.2 (1994), 170–202.",
          "locator": "fig. 7.1",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-037",
          "title": "Morar, Mapping Encounters: Preliminary Census of Cross-Cultural Maps. CROSS v4, 11 October 2026.",
          "locator": "EA-037"
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      ],
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        "id": "EA-037",
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        "situation": "Compilation",
        "operations": [
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          "adaptation"
        ],
        "grade": "derived",
        "claim": "The printed Chinese map omits the names Europe and Western Ocean while retaining the other continental names.",
        "languages": "Chinese",
        "familyNote": "The group supplies context; only the identified map is counted.",
        "familyLinks": [
          {
            "label": "Shanhai yudi quantu",
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            "note": "Morar identifies a reproduction of the early Ricci map; the lost prototype is not counted. Contextual record; excluded from the active map count.",
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            "locator": "",
            "grade": "inferred",
            "direction": "source-to-this-map"
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        ],
        "reviewDate": "2026-10-05"
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      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "cross-ea-037 Yudi shanhai quantu 輿地山海全圖 in Tushubian 圖書編, 1613 Harvard copy  Harvard-Yenching Library, Tushubian, juan 29, fols. 33b–34a; copy reproduced in Morar fig. 1.2  Zhang Huang 章潢, compiler; after Matteo Ricci   1613 A surviving 1613 book map, not the lost 1584 sheet. Omission is documented in the image; reconstruction of the lost prototype is a scholarly attribution. EA-037"
    },
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      "id": "cross-ea-038",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Shanhai yudi quantu / Wudazhou quantu, paired hemispheres in Fangyu shenglüe 方輿勝略",
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        "copy": "1612 or shortly thereafter"
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      "unitGroupId": null,
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      "holding": "National Archives of Japan, Fangyu shenglüe, waiyi section, first juan; digital image group 4752490",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4752490",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4752490",
      "rights": null,
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "The paired hemispheres constitute one map. Both title forms used in scholarship are recorded.",
      "accessNote": "The exact paired hemispheres appear together in Papelitzky figure 1 and the NAJ viewer.",
      "uncertainties": [],
      "relations": [],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4752490",
          "title": "Institutional record · www.digital.archives.go.jp",
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        },
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          "url": "https://crossroads-research.net/barbarians-microsite/",
          "title": "Elke Papelitzky, “Old and New Views on the ‘Barbarians’: The 1612 Fangyu shenglüe,” Crossroads Research, scholarly article and interactive companion (2024).",
          "locator": "fig. 1; world-map and preface sections",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-038",
          "title": "Morar, Mapping Encounters: Preliminary Census of Cross-Cultural Maps. CROSS v4, 11 October 2026.",
          "locator": "EA-038"
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      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
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      "cross": {
        "id": "EA-038",
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        "releaseDate": "2026-10-11",
        "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-038",
        "situation": "Compilation",
        "operations": [
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        ],
        "grade": "documented",
        "claim": "Ricci-derived geography and copied Chinese prefaces are reorganized into two hemispheres in the book’s account of foreign peoples.",
        "languages": "Chinese",
        "familyNote": "This edition is a documented intermediary for Japanese maps; later derivatives are separately anchored below.",
        "familyLinks": [
          {
            "label": "Kunyu wanguo quantu, James Ford Bell Library print",
            "type": "transformation",
            "note": "Relationship is to the Ricci–Li map edition and its texts, not to the Bell Library sheet specifically.",
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            "url": "https://www.loc.gov/item/2010585650/",
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      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "cross-ea-038 Shanhai yudi quantu / Wudazhou quantu, paired hemispheres in Fangyu shenglüe 方輿勝略  National Archives of Japan, Fangyu shenglüe, waiyi section, first juan; digital image group 4752490  Cheng Bai’er 程百二 and collaborators   1612 or shortly thereafter The paired hemispheres constitute one map. Both title forms used in scholarship are recorded. EA-038"
    },
    {
      "id": "cross-ea-039",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Sansen yochi zenzu 山川輿地全図 in Morokoshi kinmō zui 唐土訓蒙図彙",
      "originalTitle": null,
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Hirazumi Sen’an 平住専庵; illustrations by Naramura Yūzeishi / Tachibana Morikuni",
          "role": "attribution in CROSS v4"
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      ],
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        "copy": "1719"
      },
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      "holding": "National Archives of Japan, Morokoshi kinmō zui, juan 2, fols. 2a–3a; copy reproduced in Papelitzky fig. 3",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://crossroads-research.net/barbarians-microsite/",
      "viewerUrl": "https://crossroads-research.net/barbarians-microsite/",
      "rights": null,
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "One world map extending across three book pages. Model identification rests on the corresponding configurations and place names.",
      "accessNote": "Papelitzky figure 3 reproduces the complete exact three-page NAJ map.",
      "uncertainties": [],
      "relations": [],
      "sources": [
        {
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          "title": "Institutional record · crossroads-research.net",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://crossroads-research.net/barbarians-microsite/",
          "title": "Elke Papelitzky, “Old and New Views on the ‘Barbarians’: The 1612 Fangyu shenglüe,” Crossroads Research, scholarly article and interactive companion (2024).",
          "locator": "fig. 3",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://press.uchicago.edu/sites/hoc/HOC_V2_B2/HOC_VOLUME2_Book2_chapter11.pdf",
          "title": "Unno Kazutaka, “Cartography in Japan,” in The History of Cartography, vol. 2, book 2 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994), 346–477.",
          "locator": "pp. 408–409, fig. 11.41, n. 247",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-039",
          "title": "Morar, Mapping Encounters: Preliminary Census of Cross-Cultural Maps. CROSS v4, 11 October 2026.",
          "locator": "EA-039"
        }
      ],
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      "cross": {
        "id": "EA-039",
        "version": "4",
        "releaseDate": "2026-10-11",
        "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-039",
        "situation": "Transposition",
        "operations": [
          "adaptation",
          "transliteration"
        ],
        "grade": "derived",
        "claim": "Japanese recutting changes the Chinese source’s landforms and labels while preserving the paired hemispheres.",
        "languages": "Japanese and Sino-Japanese labels",
        "familyNote": "The group supplies context; only the identified map is counted.",
        "familyLinks": [
          {
            "label": "Shanhai yudi quantu / Wudazhou quantu, paired hemispheres in Fangyu shenglüe 方輿勝略",
            "type": "localization",
            "note": "Chinese Fangyu shenglüe map adapted for a Japanese illustrated encyclopedia.",
            "related_id": "EA-038",
            "url": "https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4752490",
            "locator": "",
            "grade": "derived",
            "direction": "source-to-this-map"
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        ],
        "reviewDate": "2026-10-05"
      },
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "CROSS v4",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "cross-ea-039 Sansen yochi zenzu 山川輿地全図 in Morokoshi kinmō zui 唐土訓蒙図彙  National Archives of Japan, Morokoshi kinmō zui, juan 2, fols. 2a–3a; copy reproduced in Papelitzky fig. 3  Hirazumi Sen’an 平住専庵; illustrations by Naramura Yūzeishi / Tachibana Morikuni   1719 One world map extending across three book pages. Model identification rests on the corresponding configurations and place names. EA-039"
    },
    {
      "id": "cross-ea-040",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Sekai bankoku chikyūzu 世界萬國地球圖, Meiji AS04/130//H",
      "originalTitle": null,
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Inagaki Mitsuo 稲垣光朗, after Kobayashi Kentei 小林謙貞",
          "role": "attribution in CROSS v4"
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      ],
      "dates": {
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        "copy": "1708"
      },
      "type": "physical-copy",
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      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
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      "holding": "Meiji University Library, Ashida Collection AS04/130//H; BB00474558; LI00001325",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://m-archives.meiji.jp/content/detail/LI00001325",
      "viewerUrl": "https://m-archives.meiji.jp/content/detail/LI00001325",
      "rights": "Public domain; attribution Meiji University.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Meiji gives Mitsuo as an inferred reading; Hiraoka writes Mitsurō. Kentei’s identity and the precise Ricci antecedent remain uncertain.",
      "accessNote": "The exact Meiji image viewer is public.",
      "uncertainties": [],
      "relations": [],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://m-archives.meiji.jp/content/detail/LI00001325",
          "title": "Institutional record · m-archives.meiji.jp",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/historiascientiarum/32/2/32_88/_pdf/-char/en",
          "title": "Ryuji Hiraoka, “The Discovery and Significance of Sufera no nukigaki (Selection on the Sphere), a Jesuit Cosmology Textbook in Japanese Translation,” Historia Scientiarum 32, no. 2 (2023): 88–116.",
          "locator": "pp. 109–110, fig. 4; fig. 4 depicts the Kobe copy of the same 1708 edition",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://press.uchicago.edu/sites/hoc/HOC_V2_B2/HOC_VOLUME2_Book2_chapter11.pdf",
          "title": "Unno Kazutaka, “Cartography in Japan,” in The History of Cartography, vol. 2, book 2 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994), 346–477.",
          "locator": "p. 409, n. 248",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-040",
          "title": "Morar, Mapping Encounters: Preliminary Census of Cross-Cultural Maps. CROSS v4, 11 October 2026.",
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        "situation": "Transposition",
        "operations": [
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          "transliteration"
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        "grade": "derived",
        "claim": "The Japanese print uses European-derived polar hemispheres and Japanese labels; its inscription names Kentei’s figures as the source.",
        "languages": "Japanese",
        "familyNote": "The group supplies context; only the identified map is counted.",
        "familyLinks": [],
        "reviewDate": "2026-10-05",
        "image": {
          "path": "EA-040.jpg",
          "source": "https://m-archives.meiji.jp/content/detail/LI00001325",
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        "sourceInventory": "CROSS v4",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
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      "imageAccess": "image",
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      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Yochizu 輿地図, Kobe Nanba copy",
      "originalTitle": null,
      "creators": [
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          "role": "attribution in CROSS v4"
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        "edition": null,
        "copy": "1720"
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      "holding": "Kobe City Museum, Nanba Collection; 90.9 × 154.1 cm (catalogue)",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.kobecitymuseum.jp/pdf/g05/annualreport09.pdf",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.kobecitymuseum.jp/pdf/g05/annualreport09.pdf",
      "rights": null,
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "The model is a Japanese revision within the Ricci lineage. Unno’s reproduced dimensions differ slightly from the museum catalogue.",
      "accessNote": "Unno (p. 408, fig. 11.42) reproduces the complete exact Kobe map.",
      "uncertainties": [],
      "relations": [],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.kobecitymuseum.jp/pdf/g05/annualreport09.pdf",
          "title": "Institutional record · www.kobecitymuseum.jp",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://press.uchicago.edu/sites/hoc/HOC_V2_B2/HOC_VOLUME2_Book2_chapter11.pdf",
          "title": "Unno Kazutaka, “Cartography in Japan,” in The History of Cartography, vol. 2, book 2 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994), 346–477.",
          "locator": "pp. 408–409, fig. 11.42, n. 249",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-041",
          "title": "Morar, Mapping Encounters: Preliminary Census of Cross-Cultural Maps. CROSS v4, 11 October 2026.",
          "locator": "EA-041"
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [],
      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": {
        "id": "EA-041",
        "version": "4",
        "releaseDate": "2026-10-11",
        "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-041",
        "situation": "Transposition",
        "operations": [
          "transliteration",
          "adaptation"
        ],
        "grade": "derived",
        "claim": "Katakana place names and revised Southeast Asia localize the Ricci-derived world map; Gold and Silver Islands are added east of Japan.",
        "languages": "Japanese, including katakana",
        "familyNote": "Related to the Ricci edition family; a direct link to the Bell Library sheet is not established.",
        "familyLinks": [],
        "reviewDate": "2026-10-05"
      },
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "CROSS v4",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "cross-ea-041 Yochizu 輿地図, Kobe Nanba copy  Kobe City Museum, Nanba Collection; 90.9 × 154.1 cm (catalogue)  Harame Sadakiyo 原目貞清   1720 The model is a Japanese revision within the Ricci lineage. Unno’s reproduced dimensions differ slightly from the museum catalogue. EA-041"
    },
    {
      "id": "cross-ea-042",
      "family": "ricci",
      "title": "Chikyū bankoku sankai yochi zenzusetsu 地球萬國山海輿地全図説, LOC gm71005079",
      "originalTitle": null,
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Nagakubo Sekisui 長久保赤水",
          "role": "attribution in CROSS v4"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": null,
        "edition": null,
        "copy": "late 1780s; LOC dates [1785?], Unno c. 1788"
      },
      "type": "physical-copy",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "physical-copy",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "Library of Congress, G3200 1785 .N31; gm71005079",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/item/gm71005079/",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.loc.gov/item/gm71005079/",
      "rights": "LOC reports no known copyright restrictions.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "The exact Library of Congress witness is identified and catalogued [1785?]. Its precise impression date and state remain uncertain. Unno’s date concerns the work and does not by itself establish this impression’s state.",
      "accessNote": "The Library of Congress catalogue provides a public image of this exact witness, digital identifier ct001813. Coverage is supported by the institutional catalogue.",
      "uncertainties": [],
      "relations": [],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.loc.gov/item/gm71005079/",
          "title": "Institutional record · www.loc.gov",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://press.uchicago.edu/sites/hoc/HOC_V2_B2/HOC_VOLUME2_Book2_chapter11.pdf",
          "title": "Unno Kazutaka, “Cartography in Japan,” in The History of Cartography, vol. 2, book 2 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994), 346–477.",
          "locator": "p. 409, n. 255",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-042",
          "title": "Morar, Mapping Encounters: Preliminary Census of Cross-Cultural Maps. CROSS v4, 11 October 2026.",
          "locator": "EA-042"
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
      "canvases": [
        {
          "id": null,
          "label": "Nagakubo Sekisui, Sankai yochi zenzu, [1785?]; Library of Congress G3200 1785 .N31.",
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          "verification": {
            "checked": "2026-11-06T02:24:24+00:00",
            "service": null,
            "attempts": [
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      "thumbnail": "https://tile.loc.gov/image-services/iiif/service:gmd:gmd3:g3200:g3200:ct001813/full/600,/0/default.jpg",
      "cross": {
        "id": "EA-042",
        "version": "4",
        "releaseDate": "2026-10-11",
        "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-042",
        "situation": "Transposition",
        "operations": [
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          "adaptation",
          "transliteration"
        ],
        "grade": "derived",
        "claim": "The Japanese map retains translated world geography and revises northern Japan and recently known place names.",
        "languages": "Japanese",
        "familyNote": "The group supplies context; only the identified map is counted.",
        "familyLinks": [
          {
            "label": "Yochizu 輿地図, Kobe Nanba copy",
            "type": "transformation",
            "note": "Unno identifies Harame’s map as the evident model; no specific surviving sheet is claimed.",
            "related_id": "EA-041",
            "url": "https://www.kobecitymuseum.jp/pdf/g05/annualreport09.pdf",
            "locator": "",
            "grade": "derived",
            "direction": "source-to-this-map"
          }
        ],
        "reviewDate": "2026-10-05",
        "image": {
          "path": "EA-042.jpg",
          "source": "https://www.loc.gov/item/gm71005079/",
          "rights": "LOC reports no known copyright restrictions.",
          "originalImage": "https://tile.loc.gov/image-services/iiif/service:gmd:gmd3:g3200:g3200:ct001813/full/600,/0/default.jpg",
          "caption": "Nagakubo Sekisui, Sankai yochi zenzu, [1785?]; Library of Congress G3200 1785 .N31."
        }
      },
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "CROSS v4",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "image",
      "searchText": "cross-ea-042 Chikyū bankoku sankai yochi zenzusetsu 地球萬國山海輿地全図説, LOC gm71005079  Library of Congress, G3200 1785 .N31; gm71005079  Nagakubo Sekisui 長久保赤水   late 1780s; LOC dates [1785?], Unno c. 1788 The exact Library of Congress witness is identified and catalogued [1785?]. Its precise impression date and state remain uncertain. Unno’s date concerns the work and does not by itself establish this impression’s state. EA-042"
    },
    {
      "id": "cross-ea-051",
      "family": "qing",
      "title": "Map on oil paper of the Kingdom of Korea given to the Jesuits by the Chinese",
      "originalTitle": null,
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Anonymous Parisian copyist, possibly Jean-Baptiste d’Anville; source transmitted by Jean-Baptiste Régis",
          "role": "attribution in CROSS v4"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": null,
        "edition": null,
        "copy": "late 1720s–early 1730s, before completion of d’Anville’s regional maps in 1733"
      },
      "type": "physical-copy",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "physical-copy",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": null,
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": null,
      "holding": "Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et Plans, Ge DD 2987 (7325B); 78.5 × 53 cm",
      "shelfmark": null,
      "recordUrl": "https://www.battle-of-qurman.com.cn/literature/Cams-2013.pdf",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.battle-of-qurman.com.cn/literature/Cams-2013.pdf",
      "rights": null,
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "Copyist is uncertain. Date is inferred from the documented transmission and d’Anville’s use, not a dated inscription. Cams identifies this exact surviving manuscript.",
      "accessNote": "Cams reproduces the complete exact map in figure 5 (p. 60).",
      "uncertainties": [],
      "relations": [],
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.battle-of-qurman.com.cn/literature/Cams-2013.pdf",
          "title": "Institutional record · www.battle-of-qurman.com.cn",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.battle-of-qurman.com.cn/literature/Cams-2013.pdf",
          "title": "Mario Cams, “The China Maps of Jean-Baptiste Bourguignon d’Anville: Origins and Supporting Networks,” Imago Mundi 66, no. 1 (2014): 51–69.",
          "locator": "pp. 59–61, figs. 5–6",
          "scope": "map",
          "note": ""
        },
        {
          "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-051",
          "title": "Morar, Mapping Encounters: Preliminary Census of Cross-Cultural Maps. CROSS v4, 11 October 2026.",
          "locator": "EA-051"
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [],
      "cachedManifests": [],
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      "thumbnail": null,
      "cross": {
        "id": "EA-051",
        "version": "4",
        "releaseDate": "2026-10-11",
        "url": "https://morarfs.github.io/CROSS/releases/v4-2026-10-11/?q=EA-051",
        "situation": "Transposition",
        "operations": [
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          "adaptation"
        ],
        "grade": "derived",
        "claim": "The Paris copy carries a key to Manchu place names and transliterated toponyms from material sent from Beijing.",
        "languages": "Romanized Manchu place names; French annotations",
        "familyNote": "A documented intermediary for d’Anville’s printed Korea map. Membership in the Qing atlas project alone is not treated as a map lineage.",
        "familyLinks": [],
        "reviewDate": "2026-10-05"
      },
      "provenance": {
        "sourceInventory": "CROSS v4",
        "checked": "2026-11-06",
        "mode": "institutional-source inventory; author review pending"
      },
      "imageAccess": "source-link",
      "searchText": "cross-ea-051 Map on oil paper of the Kingdom of Korea given to the Jesuits by the Chinese  Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et Plans, Ge DD 2987 (7325B); 78.5 × 53 cm  Anonymous Parisian copyist, possibly Jean-Baptiste d’Anville; source transmitted by Jean-Baptiste Régis   late 1720s–early 1730s, before completion of d’Anville’s regional maps in 1733 Copyist is uncertain. Date is inferred from the documented transmission and d’Anville’s use, not a dated inscription. Cams identifies this exact surviving manuscript. EA-051"
    },
    {
      "id": "aleni-naj-2920171-polar-pair",
      "family": "aleni",
      "title": "Northern and southern hemispheres in Zhifang waiji",
      "originalTitle": "北輿地圖 / 南輿地圖",
      "creators": [
        {
          "name": "Giulio Aleni",
          "role": "author/cartographer"
        },
        {
          "name": "Yang Tingyun",
          "role": "collaborator"
        }
      ],
      "dates": {
        "work": "1623",
        "edition": "Tianqi6 [1626], catalogue preface/printing field",
        "copy": "Tianqi6 [1626], catalogue preface/printing field"
      },
      "type": "book-map-component",
      "recordKind": null,
      "unit": "book-map-component",
      "countable": true,
      "countExclusionReason": null,
      "unitGroupId": null,
      "workId": "aleni-zhifang-waiji",
      "editionId": null,
      "copyId": "aleni-national-archives-japan-2920171",
      "holding": "National Archives of Japan",
      "shelfmark": "292-0171",
      "recordUrl": "https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/file/3602548",
      "viewerUrl": "https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/3668962#45",
      "rights": "Manifest license is https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/secondary-use; images carry National Archives of Japan credit.",
      "displayMode": "inline",
      "evidence": "These resources enrich ONE existing two-volume physical book copy. Six conservative folded-sheet/paired-map units contain seven named geographic maps. Opening/central/closing photographs do not count as additional map or book copies. One conservative map unit with two named geographic maps and two auxiliary eclipse diagrams; three photographs are opening/closing views, not three map copies.",
      "accessNote": "Map-bearing institutional canvases located and study images visually inspected.",
      "uncertainties": [
        "Six physical sheet groups are inferred conservatively from sequential opening/central/closing photographs; no disbinding or material examination performed.",
        "No single institutional canvas is a complete assembled world-map or hemisphere-pair image. The exact CROSS assembled reproduction remains separately labelled.",
        "Canvas IDs are machine labels, not printed folio numbers. Printed foliation was not assigned.",
        "Work date 1623 and catalogue edition date 1626 must not be collapsed.",
        "One conservative map unit with two named geographic maps and two auxiliary eclipse diagrams; three photographs are opening/closing views, not three map copies."
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "type": "isComponentOf",
          "target": "aleni-national-archives-japan-2920171",
          "certainty": "documented"
        }
      ],
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          "title": "Institutional record · www.digital.archives.go.jp",
          "locator": null
        },
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          "url": "https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/api/iiif/3668962/manifest.json",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · www.digital.archives.go.jp",
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          "url": "https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/api/iiif/3668963/manifest.json",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · www.digital.archives.go.jp",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/item/3668962",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · www.digital.archives.go.jp",
          "locator": null
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/item/3668963",
          "title": "Source and supporting evidence · www.digital.archives.go.jp",
          "locator": null
        }
      ],
      "manifests": [
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      ],
      "cachedManifests": [
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          "url": "https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/api/iiif/3668962/manifest.json",
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      "canvases": [
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          "id": "https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/api/iiif/3668962/canvas/C101047238700",
          "label": "Hemisphere pair: central portion, opened foldout",
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          "height": 4500,
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